Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yarlïg

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology 1

Clauson considers a derivation with the suffix *-lig, however, he finds no obvious connections. Räsänen derives from *yar (void) +‎ *-lig.

Adjective

*yarlïg

  1. poor, destitute
Descendants
  • Proto-Common Turkic:
  • Kipchak:
    • Kipchak-Bulgar:
    • Kipchak-Cuman:
      • Mamluk-Kipchak: [Term?] (/⁠yarlu:⁠/)
      • Kipchak: iarle (/⁠yarlï⁠/) (Codex Cumanicus)
        • Karachay-Balkar: джарлы (carlı)
        • Kumyk: ярлы (yarlı)
    • Kipchak-Nogai:
      • Kazakh: жарлы (jarly)
      • Nogai: ярлы (yarlı)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: жарды (jardı)
  • Karluk:
  • Siberian Turkic:
    • Old Uyghur:

Further reading

  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yarlığ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 966-967
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) “jar-lyγ”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 190

Etymology 2

Cognate with Middle Mongol ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ (ǰarlig).

Noun

*yarlïg

  1. yarligh, order
Descendants
  • Proto-Common Turkic:
  • Oghuz:
    • Azerbaijani: yarlıq
    • Ottoman Turkish:
      • Turkish: yarlık
    • Turkmen: ýarlyk
  • Kipchak:
    • Kipchak-Cuman:
    • Kipchak-Nogai:
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: жарлык (jarlık)
      • Southern Altai: јарлык (ǰarlïk)
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: یَرْلِغْ (yarliğ /⁠yarlïğ⁠/)
      • Chagatai: یارلیغ (yarliğ)
        • Uyghur: يارلىق (yarliq)
        • Uzbek: yorliq
  • Siberian Turkic:
    • Old Uyghur:

Further reading