Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/frammjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *framjaną.

Verb

*frammjan^[1]

to promote, to further

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*frammjan
1st sg. past	*framidā
Infinitive	*frammjan
Genitive infin.	*frammjannjas
Dative infin.	*frammjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*frammjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*frammju	*framidā
2nd singular	*framisi	framidēs, framidōs
3rd singular	*framiþi	framidē, framidā
1st plural	*frammjum	*framidum
2nd plural	*framiþ	*framidud
3rd plural	*frammjanþ	*framidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*frammjē	*framidī
2nd singular	*frammjēs	*framidī
3rd singular	*frammjē	*framidī
1st plural	*frammjēm	*framidīm
2nd plural	*frammjēþ	*framidīd
3rd plural	*frammjēn	*framidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*frami
Plural	*framiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*frammjandī	*framid

Derived terms

*gaframmjan

Descendants

Old English: fremman
- Middle English: fremmen
  - English: frame
    - → Dutch: frame
    - → German: framen
  - Scots: frame
Old Frisian: frema, fremma
Old Saxon: fremmian
Old Dutch: fremmen
- Middle Dutch: vrēmen
Old High German: fremmen

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 52: “PWGmc *[framʲmʲan]”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 52: “PWGmc *[framʲmʲan]”

[1]