Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kagil

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *kagō (“bush, shrub”) +‎ *-il.

Noun

*kagil

stake, pole, pile
peg, pin

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*kagil
Genitive	*kagilas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*kagil	kagilō, kagilōs
Accusative	*kagil	*kagilā
Genitive	*kagilas	*kagilō
Dative	*kagilē	*kagilum
Instrumental	*kagilu	*kagilum

Descendants

>? Old Frisian: *keil, *kegel
- Saterland Frisian: Kíegel (or borrowed from Low German)
- West Frisian: kegel (or borrowed from Dutch)
Old Saxon: *kegil
- Middle Low German: kēgel
  - German Low German: Kegel
  - → Danish: kegle
  - → Norwegian: kjegle
  - → Swedish: kägel
Old Dutch: *kegel (attested in tonames)
- Middle Dutch: kēgel
  - Dutch: kegel
    - Afrikaans: keël, kegel
  - Limburgish: kieëgel (suggests a form with ê)
  - → Middle English: keyle, kayle
    - English: kayles
    - Yola: keillès, keilès
Old High German: kegil
- Middle High German: kegel
  - German: Kegel
  - Luxembourgish: Keel
  - → Middle French: quille
    - French: quille