Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kinnu

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative forms

*kinni

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kinnuz.

Noun

*kinnu f^[1]

chin, jaw

Inflection

u-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*kinnu
Genitive	*kinnō
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*kinnu	kinniwi, kinnō
Accusative	*kinnu	*kinnū
Genitive	*kinnō	*kinniwō
Dative	kinniwi, kinnō	*kinnum
Instrumental	*kinnu	*kinnum

Reconstruction notes

Continental West Germanic forms derived from secondary ja-stem *kinni.^[2]

Descendants

Old English: ċinn f, ċin, ċyn
- Middle English: chyn, chin, chinne, chynne, shyne, schyn
  - English: chin
  - Scots: chin, chyn
Old Frisian: zin
Old Saxon: kinni n
- Middle Low German: kinne, kin
  - Low German: Kinn
  - → Old Frisian: kin, ken
    - West Frisian: kin
Old Dutch: kinni n
- Middle Dutch: kinne
  - Dutch: kin
    - Afrikaans: kin
    - Negerhollands: kin
    - → Papiamentu: kenchi, kinnetje, kintsje (from the diminutive)
  - Limburgish: kin
  - → German: Kiene (dialectal)
Old High German: kinni n, chinni
- Middle High German: kinne, kin
  - Alemannic German: Chimmi
  - German: Kinn
  - Luxembourgish: Kënn
  - Yiddish: קין (kin)
→? Old French: (“teeth (of a dog or baby)”) [1174, Lorraine, France] (alternatively from or influenced in meaning by chien (“dog”)^[3])
Anglo-Norman: quenne, quienne

Old French: quenne

Old Northern French: cane

Picard Old French: kenne
- ⇒ Old French: *quenotte
  - Bourbonnais-Berrichon: quenaude
  - French: quenotte
    - ⇒ French: queniate
  - Picard: kenotte
  - → Occitan: quenote

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 204: “PWGmc *kinn(u) ‘jaw’”
^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Kinn”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 370: “Mit nn aus -nw- in archaischen obliquen Formen des u-Stammes und mit späterer Umbildung zu einem neutralen ja-Stamm”
^ Sainéan, L. (1906) “Les noms romans du chien et leurs applications métaphoriques”, in Mémoires de la Soc. de ling., volume XIV

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 204: “PWGmc *kinn(u) ‘jaw’”

[2] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Kinn”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 370: “Mit nn aus -nw- in archaischen obliquen Formen des u-Stammes und mit späterer Umbildung zu einem neutralen ja-Stamm”

[3] Sainéan, L. (1906) “Les noms romans du chien et leurs applications métaphoriques”, in Mémoires de la Soc. de ling., volume XIV

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