accuis

Old Irish

Alternative forms

accuiss, acuis
accais, acais (later manuscripts)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈakusʲ]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Late Latin *accāsiō, from Latin occāsiō, whence also Middle Welsh achaws (modern Welsh achos).

Noun

accuis f

cause, occasion, reason

Declension

Feminine n-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	accuis	aicsin^L	aicsin
vocative	accuis	aicsin^L	aicsena^H
accusative	aicsin^N	aicsin^L	aicsena^H
genitive	aicsen	aicsen^L	aicsen^N
dative	aicsin^L, accuis^L	aicsenaib	aicsenaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

^H = triggers aspiration
^L = triggers lenition
^N = triggers nasalization

Synonyms

fochonn

Derived terms

aicsenach (“causal”)
aicsendae (“causal”)
aicsendaid (“causally, in a law-suit”)
aicsenugud (“causality”)
ar accuis (“because of”)
hua accuiss (“because of”)

Etymology 2

From ad- + Proto-Celtic *kassis (“hatred”).^[1]

Noun

accuis f (nominative plural acsi)

offence, hatred

Declension

Feminine i-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	accuis	accuis^L	aicsi^H
vocative	accuis	accuis^L	aicsi^H
accusative	accuis^N	accuis^L	aicsi^H
genitive	aicseo^H, aicsea^H	aicseo^H, aicsea^H	aicse^N
dative	accuis^L	aicsib	aicsib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

^H = triggers aspiration
^L = triggers lenition
^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

Middle Irish: accais, acaiss, acuis (“cause; offense; hatred; venom”)
- Irish: aicis, acais (“venom, spite”)

Mutation

Mutation of *accuis*
radical	lenition	nasalization
accuis (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	accuis	n-accuis

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Griffith, Aaron (26 February 2022) “On the old Irish third palatalisation and the 3sg. present of the copula”, in Ériu‎^[1], volume 66, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, retrieved 22 June 2022, pages 39–62

accuis

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

Descendants

Mutation

References

Further reading