adais

Old Irish

Etymology

Uncertain. Contains ad-, which disappears in the prototonic forms similarly to ad·ágathar (“to fear”).

Verb

ad·ais (prototonic ·ais)

  1. to fear
    Synonym: ad·ágathar
    • c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 267
      Scarfaid – mairg nád·ais a thnú – caírcha gela fri mindu.
      He will separate – woe the one who does not fear his wrath – bright sheep from goats.
  2. to hate (especially when contrasted with caraid (“to love”))
    Antonym: caraid
    • c. 700–800 Táin Bó Cúailnge, published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly, TBC-I page 46
      "Cia t'ainm-siu?" olsé. "Nachit aiss, nachit chara — Bude mac Báin," olsé.
      "What's your name?" [Cú Chulainn] said. "One who hates you not, who loves you not, Buide mac Báin," he said.

Inflection

Complex, class B II present
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative deut. ad·ais ad·aiset
prot. ·ais
imperfect indicative deut.
prot.
preterite deut.
prot.
perfect deut.
prot.
future deut.
prot.
conditional deut.
prot.
present subjunctive deut.
prot.
past subjunctive deut.
prot.
imperative
verbal noun
past participle
verbal of necessity

Mutation

Mutation of ad·ais
radical lenition nasalization
ad·ais
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)		 ad·ais ad·n-ais

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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