aithris
Irish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Irish aithris f (“relation; imitation”).[2]
Noun
aithris f (genitive singular as substantive aithrise, genitive as verbal noun aithriste)
Declension
- Verbal noun
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- Substantive
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Alternative forms
Etymology 2
From Old Irish aithrisid (“repeats, tells; imitates”, verb),[3] from aithris f.
Verb
aithris (present analytic aithrisíonn, future analytic aithriseoidh, verbal noun aithris, past participle aithriste) or
aithris (present analytic aithriseann, future analytic aithrisfidh, verbal noun aithris, past participle aithriste) (ambitransitive)
Conjugation
| verbal noun | aithris | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | aithriste | |||||||
| tense | singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| indicative | ||||||||
| present | aithrisím | aithrisíonn tú; aithrisír† |
aithrisíonn sé, sí | aithrisímid; aithrisíonn muid |
aithrisíonn sibh | aithrisíonn siad; aithrisíd† |
a aithrisíonn; a aithrisíos / a n-aithrisíonn* |
aithrisítear |
| past | d'aithris mé; d'aithrisíos / aithris mé‡; aithrisíos‡ |
d'aithris tú; d'aithrisís / aithris tú‡; aithrisís‡ |
d'aithris sé, sí / aithris sé, sí‡ |
d'aithrisíomar; d'aithris muid / aithrisíomar‡; aithris muid‡ |
d'aithris sibh; d'aithrisíobhair / aithris sibh‡; aithrisíobhair‡ |
d'aithris siad; d'aithrisíodar / aithris siad‡; aithrisíodar‡ |
a d'aithris / ar aithris* |
aithrisíodh; haithrisíodh† |
| past habitual | d'aithrisínn / aithrisínn‡; n-aithrisínn‡‡ |
d'aithrisíteá / aithrisíteá‡; n-aithrisíteᇇ |
d'aithrisíodh sé, sí / aithrisíodh sé, sí‡; n-aithrisíodh sé, s퇇 |
d'aithrisímis; d'aithrisíodh muid / aithrisímis‡; aithrisíodh muid‡; n-aithrisímis‡‡; n-aithrisíodh muid‡‡ |
d'aithrisíodh sibh / aithrisíodh sibh‡; n-aithrisíodh sibh‡‡ |
d'aithrisídís; d'aithrisíodh siad / aithrisídís; aithrisíodh siad‡; n-aithrisídís‡‡; n-aithrisíodh siad‡‡ |
a d'aithrisíodh / a n-aithrisíodh* |
d'aithrisítí / aithrisítí‡; n-aithrisít퇇 |
| future | aithriseoidh mé; aithriseod; aithriseochaidh mé† |
aithriseoidh tú; aithriseoir†; aithriseochaidh tú† |
aithriseoidh sé, sí; aithriseochaidh sé, sí† |
aithriseoimid; aithriseoidh muid; aithriseochaimid†; aithriseochaidh muid† |
aithriseoidh sibh; aithriseochaidh sibh† |
aithriseoidh siad; aithriseoid†; aithriseochaidh siad† |
a aithriseoidh; a aithriseos; a aithriseochaidh†; a aithriseochas† / a n-aithriseoidh*; a n-aithriseochaidh*† |
aithriseofar; aithriseochar† |
| conditional | d'aithriseoinn; d'aithriseochainn† / aithriseoinn‡; aithriseochainn†‡; n-aithriseoinn‡‡; n-aithriseochainn†‡‡ | d'aithriseofá; d'aithriseochthᆠ/ aithriseofá‡; aithriseochthᆇ; n-aithriseofᇇ; n-aithriseochthᆇ‡ | d'aithriseodh sé, sí; d'aithriseochadh sé, sí† / aithriseodh sé, sí‡; aithriseochadh sé, s톇; n-aithriseodh sé, s퇇; n-aithriseochadh sé, s톇‡ | d'aithriseoimis; d'aithriseodh muid; d'aithriseochaimis†; d'aithriseochadh muid† / aithriseoimis‡; aithriseodh muid‡; aithriseochaimis†‡; aithriseochadh muid†‡; n-aithriseoimis‡‡; n-aithriseodh muid‡‡; n-aithriseochaimis†‡‡; n-aithriseochadh muid†‡‡ | d'aithriseodh sibh; d'aithriseochadh sibh† / aithriseodh sibh‡; aithriseochadh sibh†‡; n-aithriseodh sibh‡‡; n-aithriseochadh sibh†‡‡ | d'aithriseoidís; d'aithriseodh siad; d'aithriseochadh siad† / aithriseoidís‡; aithriseodh siad‡; aithriseochadh siad†‡; n-aithriseoidís‡‡; n-aithriseodh siad‡‡; n-aithriseochadh siad†‡‡ | a d'aithriseodh; a d'aithriseochadh† / a n-aithriseodh*; a n-aithriseochadh*† |
d'aithriseofaí; d'aithriseochthaí† / aithriseofaí‡; aithriseochtha톇; n-aithriseofa퇇; n-aithriseochtha톇‡ |
| subjunctive | ||||||||
| present | go n-aithrisí mé; go n-aithrisíod† |
go n-aithrisí tú; go n-aithrisír† |
go n-aithrisí sé, sí | go n-aithrisímid; go n-aithrisí muid |
go n-aithrisí sibh | go n-aithrisí siad; go n-aithrisíd† |
— | go n-aithrisítear |
| past | dá n-aithrisínn | dá n-aithrisíteá | dá n-aithrisíodh sé, sí | dá n-aithrisímis; dá n-aithrisíodh muid |
dá n-aithrisíodh sibh | dá n-aithrisídís; dá n-aithrisíodh siad |
— | dá n-aithrisítí |
| imperative | ||||||||
| – | aithrisím | aithris | aithrisíodh sé, sí | aithrisímis | aithrisígí; aithrisídh† |
aithrisídís | — | aithrisítear |
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)
- Alternative conjugation
| verbal noun | aithris | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | aithriste | |||||||
| tense | singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| indicative | ||||||||
| present | aithrisim | aithriseann tú; aithrisir† |
aithriseann sé, sí | aithrisimid | aithriseann sibh | aithriseann siad; aithrisid† |
a aithriseann; a aithriseas / a n-aithriseann* |
aithristear |
| past | d'aithris mé; d'aithriseas / aithris mé‡; aithriseas‡ |
d'aithris tú; d'aithrisis / aithris tú‡; aithrisis‡ |
d'aithris sé, sí / aithris sé, sí‡ |
d'aithriseamar; d'aithris muid / aithriseamar‡; aithris muid‡ |
d'aithris sibh; d'aithriseabhair / aithris sibh‡; aithriseabhair‡ |
d'aithris siad; d'aithriseadar / aithris siad; aithriseadar‡ |
a d'aithris / ar aithris* |
aithriseadh; haithriseadh† |
| past habitual | d'aithrisinn / aithrisinn‡; n-aithrisinn‡‡ |
d'aithristeá / aithristeá‡; n-aithristeᇇ |
d'aithriseadh sé, sí / aithriseadh sé, sí‡; n-aithriseadh sé, s퇇 |
d'aithrisimis; d'aithriseadh muid / aithrisimis‡; aithriseadh muid‡; n-aithrisimis‡‡; n-aithriseadh muid‡‡ |
d'aithriseadh sibh / aithriseadh sibh‡; n-aithriseadh sibh‡‡ |
d'aithrisidís; d'aithriseadh siad / aithrisidís‡; aithriseadh siad‡; n-aithrisidís‡‡; n-aithriseadh siad‡‡ |
a d'aithriseadh / a n-aithriseadh* |
d'aithristí / aithristí‡; n-aithrist퇇 |
| future | aithrisfidh mé; aithrisfead |
aithrisfidh tú; aithrisfir† |
aithrisfidh sé, sí | aithrisfimid; aithrisfidh muid |
aithrisfidh sibh | aithrisfidh siad; aithrisfid† |
a aithrisfidh; a aithrisfeas / a n-aithrisfidh* |
aithrisfear |
| conditional | d'aithrisfinn / aithrisfinn‡; n-aithrisfinn‡‡ | d'aithrisfeá / aithrisfeá‡; n-aithrisfeᇇ | d'aithrisfeadh sé, sí / aithrisfeadh sé, sí‡; n-aithrisfeadh sé, s퇇 | d'aithrisfimis; d'aithrisfeadh muid / aithrisfimis‡; aithrisfeadh muid‡; n-aithrisfimis‡‡; n-aithrisfeadh muid‡‡ | d'aithrisfeadh sibh / aithrisfeadh sibh‡; n-aithrisfeadh sibh‡‡ | d'aithrisfidís; d'aithrisfeadh siad / aithrisfidís‡; aithrisfeadh siad‡; n-aithrisfidís‡‡; n-aithrisfeadh siad‡‡ | a d'aithrisfeadh / a n-aithrisfeadh* |
d'aithrisfí / aithrisfí‡; n-aithrisf퇇 |
| subjunctive | ||||||||
| present | go n-aithrise mé; go n-aithrisead† |
go n-aithrise tú; go n-aithrisir† |
go n-aithrise sé, sí | go n-aithrisimid; go n-aithrise muid |
go n-aithrise sibh | go n-aithrise siad; go n-aithrisid† |
— | go n-aithristear |
| past | dá n-aithrisinn | dá n-aithristeá | dá n-aithriseadh sé, sí | dá n-aithrisimis; dá n-aithriseadh muid |
dá n-aithriseadh sibh | dá n-aithrisidís; dá n-aithriseadh siad |
— | dá n-aithristí |
| imperative | ||||||||
| – | aithrisim | aithris | aithriseadh sé, sí | aithrisimis | aithrisigí; aithrisidh† |
aithrisidís | — | aithristear |
*indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)
Derived terms
- aithriseach m (“talebearer”)
- aithriseach, aithrisiúil (“imitative; mocking; mimetic”, adjective)
- aithriseoir m (“reciter; imitator; mimic”)
Mutation
| radical | eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
|---|---|---|---|
| aithris | n-aithris | haithris | not applicable |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 246, page 124
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aithris”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aithrisid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “aithris”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aiṫris”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 22
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aiṫrisim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 22
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish aithris (“act of telling, relating; relation, account; act of imitating, copying; imitation; example”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaɾʲɪʃ/
- Hyphenation: aith‧ris
Verb
aithris (past dh'aithris, future aithrisidh, verbal noun aithris, past participle aithriste)
Derived terms
- aithris-leabhar (“commonplace book, notebook, day-book”)
- ath-aithris (“repeat, imitate”)
- atharrais (“re-tell, imitate”)
- mì-aithris (“miscite”)
- roimh-aithris (“previously rehearse; forebode, foretell”)
Noun
aithris f (genitive singular aithrise, plural aithrisean)
- verbal noun of aithris
- report, allegation, narration, narrative
- recitation, rehearsal, recital
- report, statement
- imitation
- tradition, tale
Derived terms
- às-aithris (“quotation”)
- beul-aithris (“oral representation or tradition”)
- buaidh-aithriseach (“attributive”)
- feall-aithris (“pretence”)
- fìor-aithris (“veracity, speaking of truth, true tale”)
- roimh-aithris (“previous rehearsal; foreboding, foretelling”)
References
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “aithris”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “aithris”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary][1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN