astudio

Welsh

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle English studien + -io, influenced by astud (“diligent”).

Pronunciation

  • (North Wales) IPA(key): /asˈdɨ̞djɔ/, [asˈtɨ̞djɔ]
  • (South Wales) IPA(key): /asˈdɪdjɔ/, [asˈtɪdjɔ]
  • Rhymes: -ɨ̞djɔ

Verb

astudio (first-person singular present astudiaf)

  1. (transitive) to study

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future astudiaf astudi astudia astudiwn astudiwch astudiant astudir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional astudiwn astudit astudiai astudiem astudiech astudient astudid
preterite astudiais astudiaist astudiodd astudiasom astudiasoch astudiasant astudiwyd
pluperfect astudiaswn astudiasit astudiasai astudiasem astudiasech astudiasent astudiasid, astudiesid
present subjunctive astudiwyf astudiech astudio astudiom astudioch astudiont astudier
imperative — astudia astudied astudiwn astudiwch astudient astudier
verbal noun
verbal adjectives astudiedig
astudiadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
inflected
colloquial forms 		singular plural
first second third first second third
future astudia i,
astudiaf i 		astudi di astudith o/e/hi,
astudiff e/hi 		astudiwn ni astudiwch chi astudian nhw
conditional astudiwn i,
astudiswn i 		astudiet ti,
astudiset ti 		astudiai fo/fe/hi,
astudisai fo/fe/hi 		astudien ni,
astudisen ni 		astudiech chi,
astudisech chi 		astudien nhw,
astudisen nhw
preterite astudiais i,
astudies i 		astudiaist ti,
astudiest ti 		astudiodd o/e/hi astudion ni astudioch chi astudion nhw
imperative — astudia — — astudiwch —

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of astudio
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
astudio unchanged unchanged hastudio

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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