asuma
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *asudak, from Proto-Uralic *ëśew-. Cognate with Finnish assua and Ingrian asua.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑsumɑ/, [ˈɑsumɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑsumɑ
- Hyphenation: asu‧ma
Verb
asuma (da-infinitive asuda)
- (intransitive) to be located, to situate [with illative ‘where’]
- Synonyms: (rare) asenema, asetsema, (obsolete) asunema
- (intransitive) to live, to reside
- Synonym: (obsolete) asunema
- (intransitive) to get down to
- (intransitive) to move (to go or come to live somewhere) [with illative ‘where’]
Conjugation
Conjugation of asuma (ÕS type 27/elama, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | asun | ei asu | 1st sing. | olen asunud | ei ole asunud pole asunud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | asud | 2nd sing. | oled asunud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | asub | 3rd sing. | on asunud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | asume | 1st plur. | oleme asunud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | asute | 2nd plur. | olete asunud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | asuvad | 3rd plur. | on asunud | ||||||
| impersonal | asutakse | ei asuta | impersonal | on asutud | ei ole asutud pole asutud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | asusin | ei asunud | 1st sing. | olin asunud | ei olnud asunud polnud asunud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | asusid | 2nd sing. | olid asunud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | asus | 3rd sing. | oli asunud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | asusime | 1st plur. | olime asunud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | asusite | 2nd plur. | olite asunud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | asusid | 3rd plur. | oli asunud | ||||||
| impersonal | asuti | ei asutud | impersonal | oli asutud | ei olnud asutud polnud asutud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | asuksin | ei asuks | 1st sing. | asunuksin oleksin asunud |
ei asunuks ei oleks asunud poleks asunud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | asuksid | 2nd sing. | asunuksid oleksid asunud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | asuks | 3rd sing. | asunuks oleks asunud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | asuksime | 1st plur. | asunuksime oleksime asunud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | asuksite | 2nd plur. | asunuksite oleksite asunud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | asuksid | 3rd plur. | asunuksid oleksid asunud | ||||||
| impersonal | asutaks | ei asutaks | impersonal | oleks asutud | ei oleks asutud poleks asutud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | asu | ära asu | 2nd sing. | ole asunud | ära ole asunud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | asugu | ärgu asugu | 3rd sing. | olgu asunud | ärgu olgu asunud | ||||
| 1st plur. | asugem | ärme asume ärme asu ärgem asugem |
1st plur. | olgem asunud | ärme oleme asunud ärme ole asunud ärgem olgem asunud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | asuge | ärge asuge | 2nd plur. | olge asunud | ärge olge asunud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | asugu | ärgu asugu | 3rd plur. | olgu asunud | ärgu olgu asunud | ||||
| impersonal | asutagu | ärgu asutagu | impersonal | olgu asutud | ärgu olgu asutud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | asuvat | ei asuvat | active | olevat asunud | ei olevat asunud polevat asunud | ||||
| passive | asutavat | ei asutavat | passive | olevat asutud | ei olevat asutud polevat asutud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | asuma | asutama | nominative | asuda | olla asunud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | asudes | olles asunud | |||||
| inessive | asumas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | asumast | present | asuv | asutav | |||||
| translative | asumaks | past | asunud | asutud | |||||
| abessive | asumata | negative | asumatu | — | |||||
References
- asuma in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
- “asuma”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑsumɑ/, [ˈɑ̝s̠umɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ɑsumɑ
- Syllabification(key): a‧su‧ma
- Hyphenation(key): asu‧ma
Etymology 1
Noun
asuma
- (historical or dialectal) residence
- Synonym: asuinpaikka
- esihistoriallinen asuma ― prehistoric residence
Declension
| Inflection of asuma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | asuma | asumat | |
| genitive | asuman | asumien | |
| partitive | asumaa | asumia | |
| illative | asumaan | asumiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | asuma | asumat | |
| accusative | nom. | asuma | asumat |
| gen. | asuman | ||
| genitive | asuman | asumien asumain rare | |
| partitive | asumaa | asumia | |
| inessive | asumassa | asumissa | |
| elative | asumasta | asumista | |
| illative | asumaan | asumiin | |
| adessive | asumalla | asumilla | |
| ablative | asumalta | asumilta | |
| allative | asumalle | asumille | |
| essive | asumana | asumina | |
| translative | asumaksi | asumiksi | |
| abessive | asumatta | asumitta | |
| instructive | — | asumin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of asuma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
Further reading
- “asuma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023
Etymology 2
Participle
asuma
- (rare) agent participle of asua
Declension
| Inflection of asuma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | asuma | asumat | |
| genitive | asuman | asumien | |
| partitive | asumaa | asumia | |
| illative | asumaan | asumiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | asuma | asumat | |
| accusative | nom. | asuma | asumat |
| gen. | asuman | ||
| genitive | asuman | asumien asumain rare | |
| partitive | asumaa | asumia | |
| inessive | asumassa | asumissa | |
| elative | asumasta | asumista | |
| illative | asumaan | asumiin | |
| adessive | asumalla | asumilla | |
| ablative | asumalta | asumilta | |
| allative | asumalle | asumille | |
| essive | asumana | asumina | |
| translative | asumaksi | asumiksi | |
| abessive | asumatta | asumitta | |
| instructive | — | asumin | |
| comitative | — | asumine | |
| Possessive forms of asuma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Anagrams
Galician
Verb
asuma
- inflection of asumir:
- first/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative
Latvian
Noun
asuma m
- genitive singular of asums
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from French assumer, from Latin assumare.
Verb
a asuma (third-person singular present asumă, past participle asumat, third-person subjunctive asume) 1st conjugation
- to assume
Conjugation
conjugation of asuma (first conjugation, no infix)
| infinitive | a asuma | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | asumând | ||||||
| past participle | asumat | ||||||
| number | singular | plural | |||||
| person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
| indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | asum | asumi | asumă | asumăm | asumați | asumă | |
| imperfect | asumam | asumai | asuma | asumam | asumați | asumau | |
| simple perfect | asumai | asumași | asumă | asumarăm | asumarăți | asumară | |
| pluperfect | asumasem | asumaseși | asumase | asumaserăm | asumaserăți | asumaseră | |
| subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | să asum | să asumi | să asume | să asumăm | să asumați | să asume | |
| imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
| affirmative | asumă | asumați | |||||
| negative | nu asuma | nu asumați | |||||
Spanish
Verb
asuma
- inflection of asumir:
- first/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative