atã

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ata"

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Noun

atã f (plural ati or ate)

  1. mother
    Synonym: dadã

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

  • atanhẽ

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *atã (“strong, hard”).[1]

Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní atã.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /aˈtã/
  • Rhymes: -ã
  • Hyphenation: a‧tã

Adjective

atã (IIa class pluriform, R1 ratã, R2 satã, noun form atã)

  1. strong (capable of producing great physical force)
    • c. 1585, Joseph of Anchieta, “[Na Aldeia de Guaraparim] [In the Village of Guaraparim]” (chapter LXIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], Guarapari, page 153v, column 1, lines 478–482; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 291:
      Onhemoteguãtemã / orogoeraço corine / aecatu derupine / xepoçaca, xeratã / oroapec, oroecine
      [Onhemotegûãte mã / orogûerasó korine / a'ekatu nde rupine / xe posaká, xe ratã / oroapek, oroesyne]
      I'm gonna take you today, be able to raise you. I'm brave, I'm strong, I'm gonna singe and roast you.
  2. hard (difficult to break, cut or penetrate)
  3. rigid, firm; stiff (hard to bend, inflexible)
  4. straight (not crooked, curly, or bent)
  5. (figurative) arduous
    • 16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, “Outra” (chapter XXXI), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], page 31, column 2, line 30; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 70:
      Tiaço marataoãme
      [T'îasó mar[ã]atãûãme?]
      Must we go to the arduous war?

Declension

    Declension of atã (IIa pluriform, nasal vowel ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
Causative moatã
Deadjectivals
-ba'e satãba'e
-sab(a) atãsaba
Singular Singular & Plural Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person exclusive 1st person inclusive 2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative xe ratã nde ratã satã oré ratã îandé ratã pe ratã
Imperative
Permissive ta xe ratã ta nde ratã ta satã t'oré ratã t'îandé ratã ta pe ratã
Negative indicative na xe ratãî na nde ratãî na satãî n'oré ratãî n'îandé ratãî na pe ratãî
Negative imperative nde ratã umẽ pe ratã umẽ
Negative permissive ta xe ratã umẽ ta nde ratã umẽ ta satã umẽ t'oré ratã umẽ t'îandé ratã umẽ ta pe ratã umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative xe ratãnamo nde ratãnamo o atãnamo oré ratãnamo îandé ratãnamo pe ratãnamo
Negative xe ratãe'ymamo nde ratãe'ymamo o atãe'ymamo oré ratãe'ymamo îandé ratãe'ymamo pe ratãe'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative atã
Negative atãe'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative same as gerund1
xe ratãû2 satãû2 oré ratãû2 îandé ratãû2
Negative same as gerund1
xe ratãe'ymi2 satãe'ymi2 oré ratãe'ymi2 îandé ratãe'ymi2
1South Tupi
2North Tupi

Adverb

atã

  1. strongly; firmly (in a strong or powerful manner)
    • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter 9, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], Livro Terceiro do Cathecismo, e summa da Doctrina Christam [… ] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 62:
      Ojaratã cerã y aôba ynupã çagoera ymopèrê perebagoerà recè?
      [Oîaratã serã i aoba i nupãsagûera i mopereperebagûera resé?]
      Does your clothes stick firmly to your past whips, when they covered you in wounds?
  2. (figurative) harshly; severely

Noun

atã (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute tatã, R1 ratã, R2 satã)

  1. strength
    • c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. Lço [At the Saint Lawrence Festival]” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], Niterói, page 62, lines 99–101; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 115:
      Daetee / Deratangatu reçe / uiyecoca, uiyerobia.
      [Nd'a'e[î] te'e / Nde ratãngatu resé / ûiîekoka, ûiîerobîá.]
      For that reason I lean on your great strength, I trust.
  2. straightness

References

  1. ^ Antônio Augusto Souza Mello (17 March 2000) “Reconstruções Lexicais e Cognatos” (chapter III), in Estudo histórico da família linguística tupi-guarani: aspectos fonológicos e lexicais‎[1] (in Portuguese), Florianópolis: UFSC
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