bʾg

Middle Persian

Etymology

    Inherited from Old Persian *bāgah (“garden, orchard”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás (“division; allotment”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide, distribute, allot”); see there for more. The sense development is ‘portion, share, allotment’ → ‘landed allotment’ → ‘garden’. The same semantic development occurred in the Armenian cognate բակ (bak).

    Noun

    bʾg • (bāğ)

    1. garden, orchard

    Descendants

    • Persian: باغ (bâġ)
      • → Armenian: բաղ (baġ)
      • → Azerbaijani: bağ
      • → Bengali: বাগ (bag)
      • → Crimean Tatar: bağ
      • → English: bagh
      • → Gilaki: باغ (båğ)
      • → Georgian: ბაღი (baɣi)
      • → Gujarati: બાગ (bāg)
      • → Hindustani:
      • → Kazakh: бақ (baq), бау (bau)
      • → Khalaj: bâğ
      • → Kipchak: باغ (bağ)
      • → Ottoman Turkish: باغ (bağ)
      • → Pashto: باغ (bâǧ)
      • → Punjabi:
      • → Turkmen: bag
      • → Uyghur: باغ (bagh)
      • → Uzbek: bogʻ
      • → Sarikoli: bā̊ɣ

    References

    • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “bāγ”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
    • Martirosyan, Hrach (2013) “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship‎[1], number 10, page 99
    • Hinz, Walther (1975) Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎[2] (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 53
    • Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 51
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