bṯ

See also: bt, Bt, BT, bT, and .bt

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Verb


 2-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to run [since the Pyramid Texts]
  2. (intransitive, of the inundation) to rush by [New Kingdom and Greco-Roman Period]
  3. (transitive) to abandon (someone), to forsake, to leave in the lurch [since the Middle Kingdom]
  4. (transitive) to run through (a place) [New Kingdom and Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of bṯ (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: bṯ, geminated stem: bṯṯ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
bṯ
bṯw, bṯ
bṯt
bṯ, j.bṯ
bṯ, j.bṯ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
bṯ
ḥr bṯ
m bṯ
r bṯ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect bṯ.n
bṯw, bṯ
consecutive bṯ.jn
active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative bṯt
perfective3 bṯ
active + .tj1, .tw2
obligative1 bṯ.ḫr
active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective bṯ, j.bṯ1
active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 bṯ
bṯṯ
potentialis1 bṯ.kꜣ
active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive bṯ, j.bṯ1
active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect bṯ.n
active + .tj1, .tw2
perfective bṯ
active + .tj1, .tw2
bṯ
bṯṯ, bṯṯj6, bṯ2, bṯw2 5, bṯy2 5
imperfective j.bṯ1, bṯ, bṯy, bṯw5
active + .tj1, .tw2
j.bṯ1, j.bṯw1 5, bṯ, bṯj6, bṯy6
bṯ, bṯw5
prospective bṯ, bṯtj7
bṯtj4, bṯt4

1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

References

  • bṯ (lemma ID 854510)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 484.15, 485.6–10
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 86