bốn phương

Vietnamese

Etymology

bốn +‎ phương, calque of Chinese 四方 (tứ phương).

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ʔɓon˧˦ fɨəŋ˧˧]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [ʔɓoŋ˦˧˥ fɨəŋ˧˧]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [ʔɓoŋ˦˥ fɨəŋ˧˧]
  • Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

Noun

bốn phương

  1. (literal, collective) the four cardinal directions
    Synonym: tứ phía
    4 phương, 8 hướng ― 4 cardinals and 8 ordinals
  2. (figurative) the whole world
    y học bốn phương ― all kinds of medicines, eastern, western or otherwise
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