cáech

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *kaikos, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ikos (“one-eyed, blind”). Cognate with Welsh coeg and more distantly Latin caecus.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kaːi̯x/

Adjective

cáech

  1. blind in one eye
  2. (by extension, of seed, nuts, etc.) empty

Inflection

o/ā-stem
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative cáech cáech cáech
vocative caích*
cáech**
accusative cáech caích
genitive caích caíche caích
dative cáech caích cáech
plural masculine feminine/neuter
nominative caích cáecha
vocative cáechu
cáecha†
accusative cáechu
cáecha†
genitive cáech
dative cáechaib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Noun

cáech m

  1. person blind in one eye

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative cáech cáechL caíchL
vocative caích cáechL cáechuH
accusative cáechN cáechL cáechuH
genitive caíchL cáech cáechN
dative cáechL cáechaib cáechaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

  • (of an eye) cáechaid (“blinds”, verb)
  • cáechán m (“one-eyed person, blind creature”)

Descendants

  • Irish: caoch
  • Manx: kyagh
  • Scottish Gaelic: caoch

Mutation

Mutation of cáech
radical lenition nasalization
cáech cháech cáech
pronounced with /ɡ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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