carpinus

See also: Carpinus

Latin

Etymology

Unknown. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *kar- (“hard”), but the unusual extension and suffix are difficult to explain. See also carina and cerrus.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [karˈpiː.nʊs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [karˈpiː.nus]

Noun

carpīnus m (genitive carpīnī); second declension

Hornbeam; European hornbeam; a variety of deciduous tree.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	carpīnus	carpīnī
genitive	carpīnī	carpīnōrum
dative	carpīnō	carpīnīs
accusative	carpīnum	carpīnōs
ablative	carpīnō	carpīnīs
vocative	carpīne	carpīnī

Descendants

Balkan Romance:
- Romanian: carpen
- Aromanian: carpin
- Megleno-Romanian: carpin
Istriot:
- carpano
Italo-Romance:
- Italian: carpino, carpine
- Sicilian: càrpinu, Càrpinu
Padanian:
- Piedmontese: chërpo
- Romansch: charpin
- Venetan: càrpano, càrpane
Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: charpena
- Old French: charme
  - Bourguignon: chairme
  - ⇒ Bourguignon: charmetiau
  - Champenois: charme (Troyen), tarme (Rémois)
  - Franc-Comtois: tchairme
  - French: charme
  - Lorrain: charme
  - Poitevin-Saintongeais: charpre, cherpre
  - Walloon: tchåne
- Old Northern French: carme
  - Norman: querme, carme
- Picard Old French: carme
  - Picard: carme
    - ⇒ Spanish: carme
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Aragonese: carpin
  - →? Catalan: carpí
- Occitan:
  Gascon: carpe, carpo, carpa, caupre
  - → Spanish: carpe
  - → Portuguese: carpa
  Languedocien: calpre, carpre
  
  Limousin: chaupre
  
  Provençal: caupre
Borrowings:
- → Portuguese: carpino
- → Translingual: Carpinus

References

“carpinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
carpinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.