cernir
Portuguese
Etymology
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /seʁˈni(ʁ)/ [seɦˈni(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /seɾˈni(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /seʁˈni(ʁ)/ [seʁˈni(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /seɻˈni(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /sɨɾˈniɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /sɨɾˈni.ɾi/
- Hyphenation: cer‧nir
Verb
cernir (first-person singular present cirno, third-person singular present cerne, first-person singular preterite cerni, past participle cernido)
Conjugation
Conjugation of cernir (i-e alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
References
- “cernir”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
- “cernir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
Spanish
Etymology
From the same source as its doublet cerner.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /θeɾˈniɾ/ [θeɾˈniɾ] (Spain)
- IPA(key): /seɾˈniɾ/ [seɾˈniɾ] (Latin America, Philippines)
- Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: cer‧nir
Verb
cernir (first-person singular present cierno, first-person singular preterite cerní, past participle cernido)
- alternative form of cerner
Conjugation
Conjugation of cernir (e-ie alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | cernir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | cerniendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | cernido | cernida | |||||
| plural | cernidos | cernidas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | cierno | ciernestú cernísvos |
cierne | cernimos | cernís | ciernen | |
| imperfect | cernía | cernías | cernía | cerníamos | cerníais | cernían | |
| preterite | cerní | cerniste | cernió | cernimos | cernisteis | cernieron | |
| future | cerniré | cernirás | cernirá | cerniremos | cerniréis | cernirán | |
| conditional | cerniría | cernirías | cerniría | cerniríamos | cerniríais | cernirían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | cierna | ciernastú cernásvos2 |
cierna | cernamos | cernáis | ciernan | |
| imperfect (ra) |
cerniera | cernieras | cerniera | cerniéramos | cernierais | cernieran | |
| imperfect (se) |
cerniese | cernieses | cerniese | cerniésemos | cernieseis | cerniesen | |
| future1 | cerniere | cernieres | cerniere | cerniéremos | cerniereis | cernieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | ciernetú cernívos |
cierna | cernamos | cernid | ciernan | ||
| negative | no ciernas | no cierna | no cernamos | no cernáis | no ciernan | ||
Selected combined forms of cernir (e-ie alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive cernir | dative | cernirme | cernirte | cernirle, cernirse | cernirnos | cerniros | cernirles, cernirse |
| accusative | cernirme | cernirte | cernirlo, cernirla, cernirse | cernirnos | cerniros | cernirlos, cernirlas, cernirse | |
| with gerund cerniendo | dative | cerniéndome | cerniéndote | cerniéndole, cerniéndose | cerniéndonos | cerniéndoos | cerniéndoles, cerniéndose |
| accusative | cerniéndome | cerniéndote | cerniéndolo, cerniéndola, cerniéndose | cerniéndonos | cerniéndoos | cerniéndolos, cerniéndolas, cerniéndose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative cierne | dative | ciérneme | ciérnete | ciérnele | ciérnenos | not used | ciérneles |
| accusative | ciérneme | ciérnete | ciérnelo, ciérnela | ciérnenos | not used | ciérnelos, ciérnelas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative cerní | dative | cernime | cernite | cernile | cerninos | not used | cerniles |
| accusative | cernime | cernite | cernilo, cernila | cerninos | not used | cernilos, cernilas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative cierna | dative | ciérname | not used | ciérnale, ciérnase | ciérnanos | not used | ciérnales |
| accusative | ciérname | not used | ciérnalo, ciérnala, ciérnase | ciérnanos | not used | ciérnalos, ciérnalas | |
| with first-person plural imperative cernamos | dative | not used | cernámoste | cernámosle | cernámonos | cernámoos | cernámosles |
| accusative | not used | cernámoste | cernámoslo, cernámosla | cernámonos | cernámoos | cernámoslos, cernámoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative cernid | dative | cernidme | not used | cernidle | cernidnos | cerníos | cernidles |
| accusative | cernidme | not used | cernidlo, cernidla | cernidnos | cerníos | cernidlos, cernidlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative ciernan | dative | ciérnanme | not used | ciérnanle | ciérnannos | not used | ciérnanles, ciérnanse |
| accusative | ciérnanme | not used | ciérnanlo, ciérnanla | ciérnannos | not used | ciérnanlos, ciérnanlas, ciérnanse | |
Related terms
Further reading
- “cernir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024