cinctus

Latin

Pronunciation

  • (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈkiːŋk.tʊs]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ʃiŋk.t̪us]
  • It is commonly assumed that vowels were regularly lengthened before /nkt/, as well as before /ns/ or /nf/.[1] The spelling ⟨CꟾNCTUS⟩ with long i is attested inscriptionally.[2] Romance descendants provide evidence of a pronunciation with a short vowel, which could have been formed as a result of analogical leveling with the present stem; compare pēnsō and the analogical use of a diphthong in Romance forms such as pienso.

Etymology 1

Perfect passive participle of cingō.

Participle

cīnctus (feminine cīncta, neuter cīnctum); first/second-declension participle

  1. surrounded, encircled, having been surrounded
  2. wreathed, crowned, having been crowned
  3. girded, having been girded
  4. bordered, enclosed, having been enclosed
Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative cīnctus cīncta cīnctum cīnctī cīnctae cīncta
genitive cīnctī cīnctae cīnctī cīnctōrum cīnctārum cīnctōrum
dative cīnctō cīnctae cīnctō cīnctīs
accusative cīnctum cīnctam cīnctum cīnctōs cīnctās cīncta
ablative cīnctō cīnctā cīnctō cīnctīs
vocative cīncte cīncta cīnctum cīnctī cīnctae cīncta
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Aromanian: tsimtu
  • Catalan: cint
  • French: ceint
  • Occitan: cench
  • Italian: cinto

Etymology 2

From cingō +‎ -tus.

Alternative forms

Noun

cīnctus m (genitive cīnctūs); fourth declension

  1. girdle, belt, cinch
    Synonyms: cingulum, zōna
Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative cīnctus cīnctūs
genitive cīnctūs cīnctuum
dative cīnctuī cīnctibus
accusative cīnctum cīnctūs
ablative cīnctū cīnctibus
vocative cīnctus cīnctūs
Derived terms
  • cīnctus Gabīnus
Descendants

(All via the late variant cīnctum n, plural cīncta.)

References

  1. ^ Buck, Carl D. (1913) “Hidden Quantities again”, in The Classical Review, volume 27, number 4, page 125
  2. ^ Charles E. Bennett (1907) “Hidden Quantity”, in The Latin Language – a historical outline of its sounds, inflections, and syntax, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, page 68

Further reading

  • “cinctus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “cinctus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "cinctus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • cinctus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • “cinctus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
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