craw
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
Late Middle English, also attested as craue, from or related to Middle Dutch crāghe or Middle Low German crāghe (“collar, neck”), from Proto-Germanic *kragô (“throat”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʷrogʰ- or *gʷrh₃-gʰ- (“throat, gullet”), whence also Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“throat, gullet”) and perhaps Ancient Greek βρόχθος (brókhthos, “throat”).[1] The root appears to be an extension of Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to swallow, devour”), though the identity and meaning of the suffix is unclear.[2] Compare Latin gurges (“gulf, bay; whirlpool, eddy”).
Other Germanic cognates include Danish krave, German Kragen (“collar”) and Old Dutch kraga (“neck”) (whence modern Dutch kraag). See also crag (Etymology 2).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɹɔː/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -ɔː
Noun
craw (plural craws)
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations
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Verb
craw (third-person singular simple present craws, present participle crawing, simple past and past participle crawed)
- (archaic) To caw, crow.
- 1828, David Macbeth Moir, The Life of Mansie Wauch[1]:
- The night was now pitmirk; the wind soughed amid the head-stones and railings of the gentry, (for we must all die,) and the black corbies in the steeple-holes cackled and crawed in a fearsome manner.
References
- ^ Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “Kragen”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*brāgant-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 72-3
Anagrams
Middle English
Noun
craw
- alternative form of crowe
Welsh
Etymology
From crawen (“crust, rind”), from Proto-Celtic *greup, from Proto-Indo-European *krus- (“crust”), see also Latin crusta (“crust”), Ancient Greek κρύος (krúos, “frost, icy cold”), κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “crystal, ice”), Avestan 𐬑𐬭𐬎𐬰𐬛𐬭𐬀 (xruzdra, “hard”), Sanskrit क्रूड् (krūḍ, “thicken, make hard”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /kraːu̯/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /krau̯/
Noun
craw m (plural crawiau)
- a rejected piece of slate, often used for building fences in quarrying regions of north Wales
- a bad person, a bad lot
Mutation
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
|---|---|---|---|
| craw | graw | nghraw | chraw |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “craw”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- ^ Jóhannesson, A. (1949). Origin of Language: Four Essays. Iceland: H.F. Leiftur, p. 50