dlala
Fanagalo
Etymology
Verb
dlala
- to play
Northern Ndebele
Verb
-dlála
- to play
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Phuthi
Etymology 1
From Proto-Bantu *-jànjada, the extensive derivation of Proto-Bantu *-jànja (“to spread”).
Verb
-dlala
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Etymology 2
Verb
-dlála
- to play
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Southern Ndebele
Verb
-dlâla
- to play
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Swazi
Etymology
Verb
-dlâla
- to play
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
Xhosa
Etymology
From -dla (“to eat”) + -ala. Although verb -tya has replaced -dla in its primary meaning of "to eat", it is clear that -dla formerly meant "to eat", due to its use in metaphorical extensions such as "to corrode" or "to enjoy".
Verb
-dlâla
- to play
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
Zulu
Etymology
From -dla (“to eat”) + -ala. The sense of "to play" comes from the extended sense of -dla (“to enjoy”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɮâːla/
Verb
-dlâla
- to play
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukudlala | ukungadlali | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | dlala | -dlale | ||||
| plural | dlalani | -dlaleni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyadlala, ngidlala | engidlalayo, engidlala | ngidlala | angidlali | engingadlali | ngingadlali |
| 2nd singular | uyadlala, udlala | odlalayo, odlala | udlala | awudlali | ongadlali | ungadlali |
| 1st plural | siyadlala, sidlala | esidlalayo, esidlala | sidlala | asidlali | esingadlali | singadlali |
| 2nd plural | niyadlala, nidlala | enidlalayo, enidlala | nidlala | anidlali | eningadlali | ningadlali |
| class 1 | uyadlala, udlala | odlalayo, odlala | edlala | akadlali | ongadlali | engadlali |
| class 2 | bayadlala, badlala | abadlalayo, abadlala | bedlala | abadlali | abangadlali | bengadlali |
| class 3 | uyadlala, udlala | odlalayo, odlala | udlala | awudlali | ongadlali | ungadlali |
| class 4 | iyadlala, idlala | edlalayo, edlala | idlala | ayidlali | engadlali | ingadlali |
| class 5 | liyadlala, lidlala | elidlalayo, elidlala | lidlala | alidlali | elingadlali | lingadlali |
| class 6 | ayadlala, adlala | adlalayo, adlala | edlala | awadlali | angadlali | engadlali |
| class 7 | siyadlala, sidlala | esidlalayo, esidlala | sidlala | asidlali | esingadlali | singadlali |
| class 8 | ziyadlala, zidlala | ezidlalayo, ezidlala | zidlala | azidlali | ezingadlali | zingadlali |
| class 9 | iyadlala, idlala | edlalayo, edlala | idlala | ayidlali | engadlali | ingadlali |
| class 10 | ziyadlala, zidlala | ezidlalayo, ezidlala | zidlala | azidlali | ezingadlali | zingadlali |
| class 11 | luyadlala, ludlala | oludlalayo, oludlala | ludlala | aludlali | olungadlali | lungadlali |
| class 14 | buyadlala, budlala | obudlalayo, obudlala | budlala | abudlali | obungadlali | bungadlali |
| class 15 | kuyadlala, kudlala | okudlalayo, okudlala | kudlala | akudlali | okungadlali | kungadlali |
| class 17 | kuyadlala, kudlala | okudlalayo, okudlala | kudlala | akudlali | okungadlali | kungadlali |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngidlalile, ngidlalē | engidlalile, engidlalē | ngidlalile, ngidlalē | angidlalanga | engingadlalanga | ngingadlalanga |
| 2nd singular | udlalile, udlalē | odlalile, odlalē | udlalile, udlalē | awudlalanga | ongadlalanga | ungadlalanga |
| 1st plural | sidlalile, sidlalē | esidlalile, esidlalē | sidlalile, sidlalē | asidlalanga | esingadlalanga | singadlalanga |
| 2nd plural | nidlalile, nidlalē | enidlalile, enidlalē | nidlalile, nidlalē | anidlalanga | eningadlalanga | ningadlalanga |
| class 1 | udlalile, udlalē | odlalile, odlalē | edlalile, edlalē | akadlalanga | ongadlalanga | engadlalanga |
| class 2 | badlalile, badlalē | abadlalile, abadlalē | bedlalile, bedlalē | abadlalanga | abangadlalanga | bengadlalanga |
| class 3 | udlalile, udlalē | odlalile, odlalē | udlalile, udlalē | awudlalanga | ongadlalanga | ungadlalanga |
| class 4 | idlalile, idlalē | edlalile, edlalē | idlalile, idlalē | ayidlalanga | engadlalanga | ingadlalanga |
| class 5 | lidlalile, lidlalē | elidlalile, elidlalē | lidlalile, lidlalē | alidlalanga | elingadlalanga | lingadlalanga |
| class 6 | adlalile, adlalē | adlalile, adlalē | edlalile, edlalē | awadlalanga | angadlalanga | engadlalanga |
| class 7 | sidlalile, sidlalē | esidlalile, esidlalē | sidlalile, sidlalē | asidlalanga | esingadlalanga | singadlalanga |
| class 8 | zidlalile, zidlalē | ezidlalile, ezidlalē | zidlalile, zidlalē | azidlalanga | ezingadlalanga | zingadlalanga |
| class 9 | idlalile, idlalē | edlalile, edlalē | idlalile, idlalē | ayidlalanga | engadlalanga | ingadlalanga |
| class 10 | zidlalile, zidlalē | ezidlalile, ezidlalē | zidlalile, zidlalē | azidlalanga | ezingadlalanga | zingadlalanga |
| class 11 | ludlalile, ludlalē | oludlalile, oludlalē | ludlalile, ludlalē | aludlalanga | olungadlalanga | lungadlalanga |
| class 14 | budlalile, budlalē | obudlalile, obudlalē | budlalile, budlalē | abudlalanga | obungadlalanga | bungadlalanga |
| class 15 | kudlalile, kudlalē | okudlalile, okudlalē | kudlalile, kudlalē | akudlalanga | okungadlalanga | kungadlalanga |
| class 17 | kudlalile, kudlalē | okudlalile, okudlalē | kudlalile, kudlalē | akudlalanga | okungadlalanga | kungadlalanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngādlala | engādlala | ngādlala | angidlalanga | engingadlalanga | ngingadlalanga |
| 2nd singular | wādlala | owādlala | wādlala | awudlalanga | ongadlalanga | ungadlalanga |
| 1st plural | sādlala | esādlala | sādlala | asidlalanga | esingadlalanga | singadlalanga |
| 2nd plural | nādlala | enādlala | nādlala | anidlalanga | eningadlalanga | ningadlalanga |
| class 1 | wādlala | owādlala | ādlala | akadlalanga | ongadlalanga | engadlalanga |
| class 2 | bādlala | abādlala | bādlala | abadlalanga | abangadlalanga | bengadlalanga |
| class 3 | wādlala | owādlala | wādlala | awudlalanga | ongadlalanga | ungadlalanga |
| class 4 | yādlala | eyādlala | yādlala | ayidlalanga | engadlalanga | ingadlalanga |
| class 5 | lādlala | elādlala | lādlala | alidlalanga | elingadlalanga | lingadlalanga |
| class 6 | ādlala | ādlala | ādlala | awadlalanga | angadlalanga | engadlalanga |
| class 7 | sādlala | esādlala | sādlala | asidlalanga | esingadlalanga | singadlalanga |
| class 8 | zādlala | ezādlala | zādlala | azidlalanga | ezingadlalanga | zingadlalanga |
| class 9 | yādlala | eyādlala | yādlala | ayidlalanga | engadlalanga | ingadlalanga |
| class 10 | zādlala | ezādlala | zādlala | azidlalanga | ezingadlalanga | zingadlalanga |
| class 11 | lwādlala | olwādlala | lwādlala | aludlalanga | olungadlalanga | lungadlalanga |
| class 14 | bādlala | obādlala | bādlala | abudlalanga | obungadlalanga | bungadlalanga |
| class 15 | kwādlala | okwādlala | kwādlala | akudlalanga | okungadlalanga | kungadlalanga |
| class 17 | kwādlala | okwādlala | kwādlala | akudlalanga | okungadlalanga | kungadlalanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingadlala | — | ngingadlala | ngingedlale | — | ngingedlale |
| 2nd singular | ungadlala | — | ungadlala | ungedlale | — | ungedlale |
| 1st plural | singadlala | — | singadlala | singedlale | — | singedlale |
| 2nd plural | ningadlala | — | ningadlala | ningedlale | — | ningedlale |
| class 1 | angadlala | — | engadlala | angedlale | — | engedlale |
| class 2 | bangadlala | — | bengadlala | bangedlale | — | bengedlale |
| class 3 | ungadlala | — | ungadlala | ungedlale | — | ungedlale |
| class 4 | ingadlala | — | ingadlala | ingedlale | — | ingedlale |
| class 5 | lingadlala | — | lingadlala | lingedlale | — | lingedlale |
| class 6 | angadlala | — | engadlala | angedlale | — | engedlale |
| class 7 | singadlala | — | singadlala | singedlale | — | singedlale |
| class 8 | zingadlala | — | zingadlala | zingedlale | — | zingedlale |
| class 9 | ingadlala | — | ingadlala | ingedlale | — | ingedlale |
| class 10 | zingadlala | — | zingadlala | zingedlale | — | zingedlale |
| class 11 | lungadlala | — | lungadlala | lungedlale | — | lungedlale |
| class 14 | bungadlala | — | bungadlala | bungedlale | — | bungedlale |
| class 15 | kungadlala | — | kungadlala | kungedlale | — | kungedlale |
| class 17 | kungadlala | — | kungadlala | kungedlale | — | kungedlale |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizodlala | engizodlala | ngizodlala | angizudlala | engingezudlala | ngingezudlala |
| 2nd singular | uzodlala | ozodlala | uzodlala | awuzudlala | ongezudlala | ungezudlala |
| 1st plural | sizodlala | esizodlala | sizodlala | asizudlala | esingezudlala | singezudlala |
| 2nd plural | nizodlala | enizodlala | nizodlala | anizudlala | eningezudlala | ningezudlala |
| class 1 | uzodlala | ozodlala | ezodlala | akazudlala | ongezudlala | engezudlala |
| class 2 | bazodlala | abazodlala | bezodlala | abazudlala | abangezudlala | bengezudlala |
| class 3 | uzodlala | ozodlala | uzodlala | awuzudlala | ongezudlala | ungezudlala |
| class 4 | izodlala | ezodlala | izodlala | ayizudlala | engezudlala | ingezudlala |
| class 5 | lizodlala | elizodlala | lizodlala | alizudlala | elingezudlala | lingezudlala |
| class 6 | azodlala | azodlala | ezodlala | awazudlala | angezudlala | engezudlala |
| class 7 | sizodlala | esizodlala | sizodlala | asizudlala | esingezudlala | singezudlala |
| class 8 | zizodlala | ezizodlala | zizodlala | azizudlala | ezingezudlala | zingezudlala |
| class 9 | izodlala | ezodlala | izodlala | ayizudlala | engezudlala | ingezudlala |
| class 10 | zizodlala | ezizodlala | zizodlala | azizudlala | ezingezudlala | zingezudlala |
| class 11 | luzodlala | oluzodlala | luzodlala | aluzudlala | olungezudlala | lungezudlala |
| class 14 | buzodlala | obuzodlala | buzodlala | abuzudlala | obungezudlala | bungezudlala |
| class 15 | kuzodlala | okuzodlala | kuzodlala | akuzudlala | okungezudlala | kungezudlala |
| class 17 | kuzodlala | okuzodlala | kuzodlala | akuzudlala | okungezudlala | kungezudlala |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyodlala | engiyodlala | ngiyodlala | angiyudlala | engingeyudlala | ngingeyudlala |
| 2nd singular | uyodlala | oyodlala | uyodlala | awuyudlala | ongeyudlala | ungeyudlala |
| 1st plural | siyodlala | esiyodlala | siyodlala | asiyudlala | esingeyudlala | singeyudlala |
| 2nd plural | niyodlala | eniyodlala | niyodlala | aniyudlala | eningeyudlala | ningeyudlala |
| class 1 | uyodlala | oyodlala | eyodlala | akayudlala | ongeyudlala | engeyudlala |
| class 2 | bayodlala | abayodlala | beyodlala | abayudlala | abangeyudlala | bengeyudlala |
| class 3 | uyodlala | oyodlala | uyodlala | awuyudlala | ongeyudlala | ungeyudlala |
| class 4 | iyodlala | eyodlala | iyodlala | ayiyudlala | engeyudlala | ingeyudlala |
| class 5 | liyodlala | eliyodlala | liyodlala | aliyudlala | elingeyudlala | lingeyudlala |
| class 6 | ayodlala | ayodlala | eyodlala | awayudlala | angeyudlala | engeyudlala |
| class 7 | siyodlala | esiyodlala | siyodlala | asiyudlala | esingeyudlala | singeyudlala |
| class 8 | ziyodlala | eziyodlala | ziyodlala | aziyudlala | ezingeyudlala | zingeyudlala |
| class 9 | iyodlala | eyodlala | iyodlala | ayiyudlala | engeyudlala | ingeyudlala |
| class 10 | ziyodlala | eziyodlala | ziyodlala | aziyudlala | ezingeyudlala | zingeyudlala |
| class 11 | luyodlala | oluyodlala | luyodlala | aluyudlala | olungeyudlala | lungeyudlala |
| class 14 | buyodlala | obuyodlala | buyodlala | abuyudlala | obungeyudlala | bungeyudlala |
| class 15 | kuyodlala | okuyodlala | kuyodlala | akuyudlala | okungeyudlala | kungeyudlala |
| class 17 | kuyodlala | okuyodlala | kuyodlala | akuyudlala | okungeyudlala | kungeyudlala |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngidlale | ngingadlali | ||||
| 2nd singular | udlale | ungadlali | ||||
| 1st plural | sidlale | singadlali | ||||
| 2nd plural | nidlale | ningadlali | ||||
| class 1 | adlale | angadlali | ||||
| class 2 | badlale | bangadlali | ||||
| class 3 | udlale | ungadlali | ||||
| class 4 | idlale | ingadlali | ||||
| class 5 | lidlale | lingadlali | ||||
| class 6 | adlale | angadlali | ||||
| class 7 | sidlale | singadlali | ||||
| class 8 | zidlale | zingadlali | ||||
| class 9 | idlale | ingadlali | ||||
| class 10 | zidlale | zingadlali | ||||
| class 11 | ludlale | lungadlali | ||||
| class 14 | budlale | bungadlali | ||||
| class 15 | kudlale | kungadlali | ||||
| class 17 | kudlale | kungadlali | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngadlala | ngangadlala, angadlala, angangadlala | ||||
| 2nd singular | wadlala | wangadlala, awadlala, awangadlala | ||||
| 1st plural | sadlala | sangadlala, asadlala, asangadlala | ||||
| 2nd plural | nadlala | nangadlala, anadlala, anangadlala | ||||
| class 1 | wadlala | wangadlala, akadlala, akangadlala | ||||
| class 2 | badlala | bangadlala, abadlala, abangadlala | ||||
| class 3 | wadlala | wangadlala, awadlala, awangadlala | ||||
| class 4 | yadlala | yangadlala, ayadlala, ayangadlala | ||||
| class 5 | ladlala | langadlala, aladlala, alangadlala | ||||
| class 6 | adlala | angadlala, awadlala, awangadlala | ||||
| class 7 | sadlala | sangadlala, asadlala, asangadlala | ||||
| class 8 | zadlala | zangadlala, azadlala, azangadlala | ||||
| class 9 | yadlala | yangadlala, ayadlala, ayangadlala | ||||
| class 10 | zadlala | zangadlala, azadlala, azangadlala | ||||
| class 11 | lwadlala | lwangadlala, alwadlala, alwangadlala | ||||
| class 14 | badlala | bangadlala, abadlala, abangadlala | ||||
| class 15 | kwadlala | kwangadlala, akwadlala, akwangadlala | ||||
| class 17 | kwadlala | kwangadlala, akwadlala, akwangadlala | ||||
Derived terms
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “dlala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “dlala (6-3.9)”