dringid

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *dringeti. The preterite forms, such as drebraing, are irregular, and are analogically formed after lingid.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈdʲrʲiŋʲɡʲiðʲ]

Verb

dringid (prototonic ·dring, verbal noun dréim)

  1. to climb
  2. to advance (forwards, or past something)

Conjugation

Simple, class B III present, reduplicated preterite, s subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative abs. dringthiar (quasi-deponent) drengait; drengaitir (quasi-deponent)
conj. ·dring ·drengat
rel.
imperfect indicative dringed
preterite abs. drebraing
conj. ·drebraing
rel.
perfect deut. ro·drebraing
prot.
future abs.
conj.
rel.
conditional
present subjunctive abs.
conj.
rel.
past subjunctive
imperative
verbal noun
past participle
verbal of necessity

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: dringid
    • Classical Gaelic: dringidh
    • → Middle Welsh: dringo
  • ⇒ Irish: dréim (from the verbal noun)

Mutation

Mutation of dringid
radical lenition nasalization
dringid dringid
pronounced with /ðʲ-/		 ndringid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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