Romanian
Etymology
From dungă + -a.
Verb
a dunga (third-person singular present dunghează, past participle dungat) 1st conjugation
- to stripe
Conjugation
conjugation of dunga (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
| a dunga
|
| dungând
|
| dungat
|
| indicative
|
|
eu
|
tu
|
el/ea
|
noi
|
voi
|
ei/ele
|
| present
|
dunghez
|
dunghezi
|
dunghează
|
dungăm
|
dungați
|
dunghează
|
| imperfect
|
dungam
|
dungai
|
dunga
|
dungam
|
dungați
|
dungau
|
| simple perfect
|
dungai
|
dungași
|
dungă
|
dungarăm
|
dungarăți
|
dungară
|
| pluperfect
|
dungasem
|
dungaseși
|
dungase
|
dungaserăm
|
dungaserăți
|
dungaseră
|
| subjunctive
|
|
eu
|
tu
|
el/ea
|
noi
|
voi
|
ei/ele
|
| present
|
să dunghez
|
să dunghezi
|
să dungheze
|
să dungăm
|
să dungați
|
să dungheze
|
| imperative
|
|
—
|
tu
|
—
|
—
|
voi
|
—
|
| affirmative
|
|
dunghează
|
|
|
dungați
|
|
| negative
|
|
nu dunga
|
|
|
nu dungați
|
|
Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-dunga (infinitive kudunga)
- to pierce, to bore
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -dunga
|
| Positive present
|
-nadunga
|
| Subjunctive
|
-dunge
|
| Negative
|
-dungi
|
| Imperative singular
|
dunga
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kudunga
|
| Negative
|
kutodunga
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
dunga
|
| Plural
|
dungeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hudunga
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lidunga
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kudunga
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadunga)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninadunga/nadunga
|
tunadunga
|
| 2nd person
|
unadunga
|
mnadunga
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anadunga
|
wanadunga
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nadunga
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -dungi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sidungi
|
hatudungi
|
| 2nd person
|
hudungi
|
hamdungi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hadungi
|
hawadungi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -dungi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tadunga
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tadunga
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dunge)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nidunge
|
tudunge
|
| 2nd person
|
udunge
|
mdunge
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adunge
|
wadunge
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -dunge
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sidunge
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngedunga
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singedunga
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalidunga
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalidunga
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adunga)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nadunga
|
twadunga
|
| 2nd person
|
wadunga
|
mwadunga
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
adunga
|
wadunga
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wadunga
|
yadunga
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
ladunga
|
yadunga
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chadunga
|
vyadunga
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yadunga
|
zadunga
|
| u(XI)
|
wadunga
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwadunga
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
padunga
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwadunga
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -medunga
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshadunga
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jadunga
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kidunga
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipodunga
|
| Consecutive
|
kadunga / positive subject concord + -kadunga
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kadunge
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nidunga
|
-tudunga
|
| 2nd person
|
-kudunga
|
-wadunga/-kudungeni/-wadungeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mdunga
|
-wadunga
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-udunga
|
-idunga
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lidunga
|
-yadunga
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kidunga
|
-vidunga
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-idunga
|
-zidunga
|
| u(XI)
|
-udunga
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kudunga
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-padunga
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mudunga
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jidunga
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dunga- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-dungaye
|
-dungao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-dungao
|
-dungayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-dungalo
|
-dungayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-dungacho
|
-dungavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-dungayo
|
-dungazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-dungao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-dungako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-dungapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-dungamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dunga)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yedunga
|
-odunga
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-odunga
|
-yodunga
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lodunga
|
-yodunga
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chodunga
|
-vyodunga
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yodunga
|
-zodunga
|
| u(XI)
|
-odunga
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kodunga
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-podunga
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-modunga
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|