extenuar

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin extenuāre.

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /is.te.nuˈa(ʁ)/ [is.te.nʊˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /is.teˈnwa(ʁ)/ [is.teˈnwa(h)], /es.te.nuˈa(ʁ)/ [es.te.nʊˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /es.teˈnwa(ʁ)/ [es.teˈnwa(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /is.te.nuˈa(ɾ)/ [is.te.nʊˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /is.teˈnwa(ɾ)/, /es.te.nuˈa(ɾ)/ [es.te.nʊˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /es.teˈnwa(ɾ)/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /iʃ.te.nuˈa(ʁ)/ [iʃ.te.nʊˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /iʃ.teˈnwa(ʁ)/ [iʃ.teˈnwa(χ)], /eʃ.te.nuˈa(ʁ)/ [eʃ.te.nʊˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /eʃ.teˈnwa(ʁ)/ [eʃ.teˈnwa(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /es.te.nuˈa(ɻ)/ [es.te.nʊˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /es.teˈnwa(ɻ)/
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /(i)ʃ.tɨˈnwaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /(i)ʃ.tɨˈnwa.ɾi/

  • Hyphenation: ex‧te‧nu‧ar

Verb

extenuar (first-person singular present extenuo, first-person singular preterite extenuei, past participle extenuado)

  1. to tire, to exhaust
  2. to spend (money), to become less rich
  3. to extenuate: to lessen, to weaken, to attenuate

Conjugation

    Conjugation of extenuar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal extenuar
Personal extenuar extenuares extenuar extenuarmos extenuardes extenuarem
Gerund
extenuando
Past participle
Masculine extenuado extenuados
Feminine extenuada extenuadas
Indicative
Present extenuo extenuas extenua extenuamos extenuais extenuam
Imperfect extenuava extenuavas extenuava extenuávamos extenuáveis extenuavam
Preterite extenuei extenuaste extenuou extenuamos1, extenuámos2 extenuastes extenuaram
Pluperfect extenuara extenuaras extenuara extenuáramos extenuáreis extenuaram
Future extenuarei extenuarás extenuará extenuaremos extenuareis extenuarão
Conditional extenuaria extenuarias extenuaria extenuaríamos extenuaríeis extenuariam
Subjunctive
Present extenue extenues extenue extenuemos extenueis extenuem
Imperfect extenuasse extenuasses extenuasse extenuássemos extenuásseis extenuassem
Future extenuar extenuares extenuar extenuarmos extenuardes extenuarem
Imperative
Affirmative extenua extenue extenuemos extenuai extenuem
Negative (não) não extenues não extenue não extenuemos não extenueis não extenuem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin extenuāre.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /eɡsteˈnwaɾ/ [eɣ̞s.t̪eˈnwaɾ]
  • Audio (Colombia):(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: ex‧te‧nuar

Verb

extenuar (first-person singular present extenúo, first-person singular preterite extenué, past participle extenuado)

  1. (transitive) to extenuate
  2. (transitive) to weaken

Conjugation

    Conjugation of extenuar (u-ú alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive extenuar
gerund extenuando
past participle masculine feminine
singular extenuado extenuada
plural extenuados extenuadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present extenúo extenúastú
extenuásvos 		extenúa extenuamos extenuáis extenúan
imperfect extenuaba extenuabas extenuaba extenuábamos extenuabais extenuaban
preterite extenué extenuaste extenuó extenuamos extenuasteis extenuaron
future extenuaré extenuarás extenuará extenuaremos extenuaréis extenuarán
conditional extenuaría extenuarías extenuaría extenuaríamos extenuaríais extenuarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present extenúe extenúestú
extenuésvos2 		extenúe extenuemos extenuéis extenúen
imperfect
(ra) 		extenuara extenuaras extenuara extenuáramos extenuarais extenuaran
imperfect
(se) 		extenuase extenuases extenuase extenuásemos extenuaseis extenuasen
future1 extenuare extenuares extenuare extenuáremos extenuareis extenuaren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative extenúatú
extenuávos 		extenúe extenuemos extenuad extenúen
negative no extenúes no extenúe no extenuemos no extenuéis no extenúen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of extenuar (u-ú alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive extenuar dative extenuarme extenuarte extenuarle, extenuarse extenuarnos extenuaros extenuarles, extenuarse
accusative extenuarme extenuarte extenuarlo, extenuarla, extenuarse extenuarnos extenuaros extenuarlos, extenuarlas, extenuarse
with gerund extenuando dative extenuándome extenuándote extenuándole, extenuándose extenuándonos extenuándoos extenuándoles, extenuándose
accusative extenuándome extenuándote extenuándolo, extenuándola, extenuándose extenuándonos extenuándoos extenuándolos, extenuándolas, extenuándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative extenúa dative extenúame extenúate extenúale extenúanos not used extenúales
accusative extenúame extenúate extenúalo, extenúala extenúanos not used extenúalos, extenúalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative extenuá dative extenuame extenuate extenuale extenuanos not used extenuales
accusative extenuame extenuate extenualo, extenuala extenuanos not used extenualos, extenualas
with formal second-person singular imperative extenúe dative extenúeme not used extenúele, extenúese extenúenos not used extenúeles
accusative extenúeme not used extenúelo, extenúela, extenúese extenúenos not used extenúelos, extenúelas
with first-person plural imperative extenuemos dative not used extenuémoste extenuémosle extenuémonos extenuémoos extenuémosles
accusative not used extenuémoste extenuémoslo, extenuémosla extenuémonos extenuémoos extenuémoslos, extenuémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative extenuad dative extenuadme not used extenuadle extenuadnos extenuaos extenuadles
accusative extenuadme not used extenuadlo, extenuadla extenuadnos extenuaos extenuadlos, extenuadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative extenúen dative extenúenme not used extenúenle extenúennos not used extenúenles, extenúense
accusative extenúenme not used extenúenlo, extenúenla extenúennos not used extenúenlos, extenúenlas, extenúense

Further reading

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