Swahili
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-Bantu *-túnda.
Verb
-funza (infinitive kufunza)
- to educate, teach
- (reflexive) to learn
Usage notes
This verb is principally used as a reflexive -jifunza ("to learn"); the original sense "to teach" is much rarer than the usual -fundisha and is mainly used in reference to teaching someone manners.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -funza
|
| Positive present
|
-nafunza
|
| Subjunctive
|
-funze
|
| Negative
|
-funzi
|
| Imperative singular
|
funza
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kufunza
|
| Negative
|
kutofunza
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
funza
|
| Plural
|
funzeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hufunza
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lifunza
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kufunza
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nafunza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninafunza/nafunza
|
tunafunza
|
| 2nd person
|
unafunza
|
mnafunza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anafunza
|
wanafunza
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nafunza
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -funzi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sifunzi
|
hatufunzi
|
| 2nd person
|
hufunzi
|
hamfunzi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hafunzi
|
hawafunzi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -funzi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tafunza
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tafunza
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -funze)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nifunze
|
tufunze
|
| 2nd person
|
ufunze
|
mfunze
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afunze
|
wafunze
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -funze
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sifunze
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngefunza
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singefunza
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalifunza
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalifunza
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -afunza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nafunza
|
twafunza
|
| 2nd person
|
wafunza
|
mwafunza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afunza
|
wafunza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wafunza
|
yafunza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lafunza
|
yafunza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chafunza
|
vyafunza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yafunza
|
zafunza
|
| u(XI)
|
wafunza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwafunza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pafunza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwafunza
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mefunza
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshafunza
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jafunza
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kifunza
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipofunza
|
| Consecutive
|
kafunza / positive subject concord + -kafunza
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kafunze
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nifunza
|
-tufunza
|
| 2nd person
|
-kufunza
|
-wafunza/-kufunzeni/-wafunzeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mfunza
|
-wafunza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ufunza
|
-ifunza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lifunza
|
-yafunza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kifunza
|
-vifunza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ifunza
|
-zifunza
|
| u(XI)
|
-ufunza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kufunza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pafunza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mufunza
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jifunza
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -funza- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-funzaye
|
-funzao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-funzao
|
-funzayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-funzalo
|
-funzayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-funzacho
|
-funzavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-funzayo
|
-funzazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-funzao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-funzako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-funzapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-funzamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -funza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yefunza
|
-ofunza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ofunza
|
-yofunza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lofunza
|
-yofunza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chofunza
|
-vyofunza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yofunza
|
-zofunza
|
| u(XI)
|
-ofunza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kofunza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pofunza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mofunza
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Noun
funza class V (plural mafunza class VI)
- worm, grub, caterpillar
Venda
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-túnda.
Verb
funza
- to learn