gáeth

See also: gaeth and gæþ

Old Irish

Alternative forms

  • gaíth

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɡaːi̯θ]

Etymology 1

Adjective

gáeth

  1. wise
  2. intelligent
Inflection
o/ā-stem
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative gáeth gáeth gáeth
vocative gaíth*
gáeth**
accusative gáeth gaíth
genitive gaíth gaíthe gaíth
dative gáeth gaíth gáeth
plural masculine feminine/neuter
nominative gaíth gáetha
vocative gáethu
gáetha†
accusative gáethu
gáetha†
genitive gáeth
dative gáethaib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Quotations
  • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 18c6
    Is machthad limm a threte do·rérachtid máam fírinne et soscéli; .i. i⟨s⟩ súaignid nírubtar gaítha for comairli. Is dían do·rréractid maám ind ṡoscéli.
    I marvel how quickly you pl have abandoned the yoke of righteousness and [the] gospel; i.e. it is clear that your counsels have not been wise. It is swiftly that you have abandoned the yoke of the gospel.
    (literally, “it is a wonder to me its quickness that…”)
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Irish: gaoth

Etymology 2

Noun

gáeth f

  1. wind
Inflection
Feminine ā-stem
singular dual plural
nominative gáethL gaíthL gáethaH
vocative gáethL gaíthL gáethaH
accusative gaíthN gaíthL gáethaH
genitive gaítheH gáethL gáethN
dative gaíthL gáethaib gáethaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Quotations
  • Verses in the St Gall Priscian
    Is acher in gaíth innocht fu·fuasna fairggæ findḟolt
    ni ágor réimm mora minn dond láechraid lainn ua Lothlind.
    Bitter is the wind to-night: it tosses the ocean’s white hair:
    I fear not the coursing of a clear sea by the fierce heroes from Scandinavia.
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 3

Uncertain. Perhaps attested in Primitive Irish ᚌᚐᚈᚈᚕᚌᚂᚐᚅ (gattea-glan, “(?)having clean water”).[1]

Noun

gáeth m or f (genitive unattested, no plural)

  1. estuary
Descendants

Mutation

Mutation of gáeth
radical lenition nasalization
gáeth gáeth
pronounced with /ɣ-/		 ngáeth

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Ziegler, Sabine (1994) Alfred Bammesberger and Günter Neumann, editors, Die Sprache der altirischen Ogam-Inschriften [The language of the Old Irish Ogham inscriptions] (Historische Sprachforschung; Ergänzungsheft 36) (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 183

Further reading

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