Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic غَرَّمَ (ḡarrama).
Pronunciation
Verb
-gharimu (infinitive kugharimu)
- to cost (to incur a charge, a price)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -gharimu
|
| Positive present
|
-nagharimu
|
| Subjunctive
|
-gharimu
|
| Negative
|
-gharimu
|
| Imperative singular
|
gharimu
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
gharimu
|
| Plural
|
gharimuni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hugharimu
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -ligharimu
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kugharimu
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nagharimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninagharimu/nagharimu
|
tunagharimu
|
| 2nd person
|
unagharimu
|
mnagharimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anagharimu
|
wanagharimu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nagharimu
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -gharimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sigharimu
|
hatugharimu
|
| 2nd person
|
hugharimu
|
hamgharimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hagharimu
|
hawagharimu
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -gharimu
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tagharimu
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tagharimu
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -gharimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nigharimu
|
tugharimu
|
| 2nd person
|
ugharimu
|
mgharimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agharimu
|
wagharimu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -gharimu
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sigharimu
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngegharimu
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singegharimu
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaligharimu
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaligharimu
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -agharimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nagharimu
|
twagharimu
|
| 2nd person
|
wagharimu
|
mwagharimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
agharimu
|
wagharimu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wagharimu
|
yagharimu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lagharimu
|
yagharimu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chagharimu
|
vyagharimu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yagharimu
|
zagharimu
|
| u(XI)
|
wagharimu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwagharimu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pagharimu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwagharimu
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -megharimu
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshagharimu
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jagharimu
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kigharimu
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipogharimu
|
| Consecutive
|
kagharimu / positive subject concord + -kagharimu
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kagharimu
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nigharimu
|
-tugharimu
|
| 2nd person
|
-kugharimu
|
-wagharimu/-kugharimuni/-wagharimuni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mgharimu
|
-wagharimu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ugharimu
|
-igharimu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ligharimu
|
-yagharimu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kigharimu
|
-vigharimu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-igharimu
|
-zigharimu
|
| u(XI)
|
-ugharimu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kugharimu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pagharimu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mugharimu
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jigharimu
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -gharimu- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-gharimuye
|
-gharimuo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-gharimuo
|
-gharimuyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-gharimulo
|
-gharimuyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-gharimucho
|
-gharimuvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-gharimuyo
|
-gharimuzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-gharimuo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-gharimuko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-gharimupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-gharimumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -gharimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yegharimu
|
-ogharimu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ogharimu
|
-yogharimu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-logharimu
|
-yogharimu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chogharimu
|
-vyogharimu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yogharimu
|
-zogharimu
|
| u(XI)
|
-ogharimu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kogharimu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pogharimu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mogharimu
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms