gozar
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese gozar (attested ca. 1300), from Old Spanish gozar, from Latin gaudium (“joy”). Compare Portuguese and Spanish gozar.
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Hyphenation: go‧zar
Verb
gozar (first-person singular present gozo, first-person singular preterite gocei, past participle gozado)
gozar (first-person singular present gozo, first-person singular preterite gozei, past participle gozado, reintegrationist norm)
Conjugation
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | gozar | |||||
| Personal | gozar | gozares | gozar | gozarmos | gozardes | gozaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| gozando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | gozado | gozados | ||||
| Feminine | gozada | gozadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | gozo | gozas | goza | gozamos | gozades | gozan |
| Imperfect | gozaba | gozabas | gozaba | gozabamos | gozabades | gozaban |
| Preterite | gocei | gozaches | gozou | gozamos | gozastes | gozaron |
| Pluperfect | gozara | gozaras | gozara | gozaramos | gozarades | gozaran |
| Future | gozarei | gozarás | gozará | gozaremos | gozaredes | gozarán |
| Conditional | gozaría | gozarías | gozaría | gozariamos | gozariades | gozarían |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | goce | goces | goce | gocemos | gocedes | gocen |
| Imperfect | gozase | gozases | gozase | gozásemos | gozásedes | gozasen |
| Future | gozar | gozares | gozar | gozarmos | gozardes | gozaren |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | goza | goce | gocemos | gozade | gocen | |
| Negative (non) | non goces | non goce | non gocemos | non gocedes | non gocen | |
1Less recommended.
Related terms
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “gozar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “goza”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “gozar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “gozar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “gozar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “gozar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “gozar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Ladino
Verb
gozar
- to enjoy
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese gozar, from Old Spanish gozar, from Latin gaudium (“joy”). Compare Galician and Spanish gozar.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡoˈza(ʁ)/ [ɡoˈza(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ɡoˈza(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ɡoˈza(ʁ)/ [ɡoˈza(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡoˈza(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɡuˈzaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɡuˈza.ɾi/
- Hyphenation: go‧zar
Verb
gozar (first-person singular present gozo, first-person singular preterite gozei, past participle gozado)
- (ambitransitive) to enjoy [transitive or with de ‘something’]
- Synonyms: aproveitar, desfrutar
- Gozas de uma boa saúde. ― You enjoy good health.
- (reflexive) to enjoy [with de ‘something’]
- (intransitive) to enjoy [with de ‘prestige’]
- (intransitive) to enjoy oneself
- (ambitransitive) to mock (to make fun of) [transitive or with com ‘someone’]
- Synonyms: escarnecer, fazer piada, zombar
- Vocês estão me gozando? ― Are you making fun of me?
- (intransitive) to joke [with com ‘with someone’]
- Estou a gozar contigo. ― I'm joking.
- (Brazil, intransitive, slang, vulgar) to cum (to have an orgasm)
- (Brazil, slang, vulgar) to cum (to ejaculate) [intransitive; or transitive with para ‘for someone’]
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:ejacular
- Goza pra mim, seu safado. ― Cum for me, you naughty boy.
Conjugation
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | gozar | |||||
| Personal | gozar | gozares | gozar | gozarmos | gozardes | gozarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| gozando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | gozado | gozados | ||||
| Feminine | gozada | gozadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | gozo | gozas | goza | gozamos | gozais | gozam |
| Imperfect | gozava | gozavas | gozava | gozávamos | gozáveis | gozavam |
| Preterite | gozei | gozaste | gozou | gozamos1, gozámos2 | gozastes | gozaram |
| Pluperfect | gozara | gozaras | gozara | gozáramos | gozáreis | gozaram |
| Future | gozarei | gozarás | gozará | gozaremos | gozareis | gozarão |
| Conditional | gozaria | gozarias | gozaria | gozaríamos | gozaríeis | gozariam |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | goze | gozes | goze | gozemos | gozeis | gozem |
| Imperfect | gozasse | gozasses | gozasse | gozássemos | gozásseis | gozassem |
| Future | gozar | gozares | gozar | gozarmos | gozardes | gozarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | goza | goze | gozemos | gozai | gozem | |
| Negative (não) | não gozes | não goze | não gozemos | não gozeis | não gozem | |
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Romanian
Etymology
Noun
gozar m (uncountable)
- (Transylvania) garbage collector
- Synonym: gunoier
Declension
| singular only | indefinite | definite |
|---|---|---|
| nominative-accusative | gozar | gozarul |
| genitive-dative | gozar | gozarului |
| vocative | gozarule | |
References
- gozar in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN
Spanish
Etymology
From Old Spanish gozar, from gozo (“joy”) + -ar (verb-forming suffix). Compare Asturian gociar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡoˈθaɾ/ [ɡoˈθaɾ] (Spain)
- IPA(key): /ɡoˈsaɾ/ [ɡoˈsaɾ] (Latin America, Philippines)
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: go‧zar
Verb
gozar (first-person singular present gozo, first-person singular preterite gocé, past participle gozado)
- to enjoy oneself
- Synonym: disfrutar
- to enjoy
Conjugation
| infinitive | gozar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | gozando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | gozado | gozada | |||||
| plural | gozados | gozadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | gozo | gozastú gozásvos |
goza | gozamos | gozáis | gozan | |
| imperfect | gozaba | gozabas | gozaba | gozábamos | gozabais | gozaban | |
| preterite | gocé | gozaste | gozó | gozamos | gozasteis | gozaron | |
| future | gozaré | gozarás | gozará | gozaremos | gozaréis | gozarán | |
| conditional | gozaría | gozarías | gozaría | gozaríamos | gozaríais | gozarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | goce | gocestú gocésvos2 |
goce | gocemos | gocéis | gocen | |
| imperfect (ra) |
gozara | gozaras | gozara | gozáramos | gozarais | gozaran | |
| imperfect (se) |
gozase | gozases | gozase | gozásemos | gozaseis | gozasen | |
| future1 | gozare | gozares | gozare | gozáremos | gozareis | gozaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | gozatú gozávos |
goce | gocemos | gozad | gocen | ||
| negative | no goces | no goce | no gocemos | no gocéis | no gocen | ||
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive gozar | dative | gozarme | gozarte | gozarle, gozarse | gozarnos | gozaros | gozarles, gozarse |
| accusative | gozarme | gozarte | gozarlo, gozarla, gozarse | gozarnos | gozaros | gozarlos, gozarlas, gozarse | |
| with gerund gozando | dative | gozándome | gozándote | gozándole, gozándose | gozándonos | gozándoos | gozándoles, gozándose |
| accusative | gozándome | gozándote | gozándolo, gozándola, gozándose | gozándonos | gozándoos | gozándolos, gozándolas, gozándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative goza | dative | gózame | gózate | gózale | gózanos | not used | gózales |
| accusative | gózame | gózate | gózalo, gózala | gózanos | not used | gózalos, gózalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative gozá | dative | gozame | gozate | gozale | gozanos | not used | gozales |
| accusative | gozame | gozate | gozalo, gozala | gozanos | not used | gozalos, gozalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative goce | dative | góceme | not used | gócele, gócese | gócenos | not used | góceles |
| accusative | góceme | not used | gócelo, gócela, gócese | gócenos | not used | gócelos, gócelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative gocemos | dative | not used | gocémoste | gocémosle | gocémonos | gocémoos | gocémosles |
| accusative | not used | gocémoste | gocémoslo, gocémosla | gocémonos | gocémoos | gocémoslos, gocémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative gozad | dative | gozadme | not used | gozadle | gozadnos | gozaos | gozadles |
| accusative | gozadme | not used | gozadlo, gozadla | gozadnos | gozaos | gozadlos, gozadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative gocen | dative | gócenme | not used | gócenle | gócennos | not used | gócenles, gócense |
| accusative | gócenme | not used | gócenlo, gócenla | gócennos | not used | gócenlos, gócenlas, gócense | |
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Sardinian: gosare, gosai (Campidanese)
Further reading
- “gozar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024