Swahili
Etymology
Reduplication of -hama (“to move”).
Verb
-hamahama (infinitive kuhamahama)
- to move from place to place, to roam
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -hamahama
|
| Positive present
|
-nahamahama
|
| Subjunctive
|
-hamahame
|
| Negative
|
-hamahami
|
| Imperative singular
|
hamahama
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
hamahama
|
| Plural
|
hamahameni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huhamahama
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lihamahama
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuhamahama
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nahamahama)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninahamahama/nahamahama
|
tunahamahama
|
| 2nd person
|
unahamahama
|
mnahamahama
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anahamahama
|
wanahamahama
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nahamahama
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -hamahami)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sihamahami
|
hatuhamahami
|
| 2nd person
|
huhamahami
|
hamhamahami
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hahamahami
|
hawahamahami
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -hamahami
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tahamahama
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tahamahama
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -hamahame)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nihamahame
|
tuhamahame
|
| 2nd person
|
uhamahame
|
mhamahame
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ahamahame
|
wahamahame
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -hamahame
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sihamahame
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngehamahama
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singehamahama
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalihamahama
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalihamahama
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ahamahama)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nahamahama
|
twahamahama
|
| 2nd person
|
wahamahama
|
mwahamahama
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ahamahama
|
wahamahama
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wahamahama
|
yahamahama
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lahamahama
|
yahamahama
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chahamahama
|
vyahamahama
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yahamahama
|
zahamahama
|
| u(XI)
|
wahamahama
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwahamahama
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pahamahama
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwahamahama
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mehamahama
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshahamahama
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jahamahama
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kihamahama
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipohamahama
|
| Consecutive
|
kahamahama / positive subject concord + -kahamahama
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kahamahame
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nihamahama
|
-tuhamahama
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuhamahama
|
-wahamahama/-kuhamahameni/-wahamahameni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mhamahama
|
-wahamahama
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uhamahama
|
-ihamahama
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lihamahama
|
-yahamahama
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kihamahama
|
-vihamahama
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ihamahama
|
-zihamahama
|
| u(XI)
|
-uhamahama
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuhamahama
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pahamahama
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muhamahama
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jihamahama
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -hamahama- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-hamahamaye
|
-hamahamao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-hamahamao
|
-hamahamayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-hamahamalo
|
-hamahamayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-hamahamacho
|
-hamahamavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-hamahamayo
|
-hamahamazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-hamahamao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-hamahamako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-hamahamapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-hamahamamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -hamahama)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yehamahama
|
-ohamahama
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ohamahama
|
-yohamahama
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lohamahama
|
-yohamahama
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chohamahama
|
-vyohamahama
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yohamahama
|
-zohamahama
|
| u(XI)
|
-ohamahama
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kohamahama
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pohamahama
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mohamahama
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|