hapata

Finnish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈhɑpɑtɑˣ/, [ˈhɑ̝pɑ̝t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ɑpɑtɑ
  • Syllabification(key): ha‧pa‧ta
  • Hyphenation(key): ha‧pa‧ta

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *hap'at'ak, equivalent to happa- (“to sour”) +‎ -(e)ta

Verb

hapata

  1. (intransitive) to (turn/go) sour, acidify, lopper
    Synonym: hapantua
Conjugation
Inflection of hapata (Kotus type 72*B/vanheta, pp-p gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. happanen en happane 1st sing. olen hapannut en ole hapannut
2nd sing. happanet et happane 2nd sing. olet hapannut et ole hapannut
3rd sing. happanee ei happane 3rd sing. on hapannut ei ole hapannut
1st plur. happanemme emme happane 1st plur. olemme hapanneet emme ole hapanneet
2nd plur. happanette ette happane 2nd plur. olette hapanneet ette ole hapanneet
3rd plur. happanevat eivät happane 3rd plur. ovat hapanneet eivät ole hapanneet
passive hapataan ei hapata passive on hapattu ei ole hapattu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. happanin en hapannut 1st sing. olin hapannut en ollut hapannut
2nd sing. happanit et hapannut 2nd sing. olit hapannut et ollut hapannut
3rd sing. happani ei hapannut 3rd sing. oli hapannut ei ollut hapannut
1st plur. happanimme emme hapanneet 1st plur. olimme hapanneet emme olleet hapanneet
2nd plur. happanitte ette hapanneet 2nd plur. olitte hapanneet ette olleet hapanneet
3rd plur. happanivat eivät hapanneet 3rd plur. olivat hapanneet eivät olleet hapanneet
passive hapattiin ei hapattu passive oli hapattu ei ollut hapattu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. happanisin en happanisi 1st sing. olisin hapannut en olisi hapannut
2nd sing. happanisit et happanisi 2nd sing. olisit hapannut et olisi hapannut
3rd sing. happanisi ei happanisi 3rd sing. olisi hapannut ei olisi hapannut
1st plur. happanisimme emme happanisi 1st plur. olisimme hapanneet emme olisi hapanneet
2nd plur. happanisitte ette happanisi 2nd plur. olisitte hapanneet ette olisi hapanneet
3rd plur. happanisivat eivät happanisi 3rd plur. olisivat hapanneet eivät olisi hapanneet
passive hapattaisiin ei hapattaisi passive olisi hapattu ei olisi hapattu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. happane älä happane 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. hapatkoon älköön hapatko 3rd sing. olkoon hapannut älköön olko hapannut
1st plur. hapatkaamme älkäämme hapatko 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. hapatkaa älkää hapatko 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. hapatkoot älkööt hapatko 3rd plur. olkoot hapanneet älkööt olko hapanneet
passive hapattakoon älköön hapattako passive olkoon hapattu älköön olko hapattu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. hapannen en hapanne 1st sing. lienen hapannut en liene hapannut
2nd sing. hapannet et hapanne 2nd sing. lienet hapannut et liene hapannut
3rd sing. hapannee ei hapanne 3rd sing. lienee hapannut ei liene hapannut
1st plur. hapannemme emme hapanne 1st plur. lienemme hapanneet emme liene hapanneet
2nd plur. hapannette ette hapanne 2nd plur. lienette hapanneet ette liene hapanneet
3rd plur. hapannevat eivät hapanne 3rd plur. lienevät hapanneet eivät liene hapanneet
passive hapattaneen ei hapattane passive lienee hapattu ei liene hapattu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st hapata present happaneva hapattava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st hapatakseni hapataksemme
2nd hapataksesi hapataksenne
3rd hapatakseen
hapataksensa
past hapannut hapattu
2nd inessive2 hapatessa hapattaessa agent4 happanema
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st hapatessani hapatessamme
2nd hapatessasi hapatessanne
3rd hapatessaan
hapatessansa
negative happanematon
instructive hapaten —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd inessive happanemassa —
elative happanemasta —
illative happanemaan —
adessive happanemalla —
abessive happanematta —
instructive happaneman hapattaman
4th3 verbal noun happaneminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st happanemaisillani happanemaisillamme
2nd happanemaisillasi happanemaisillanne
3rd happanemaisillaan
happanemaisillansa
Derived terms
nouns
verbs

Further reading

Etymology 2

Verb

hapata

  1. inflection of hapattaa:
    1. present active indicative connegative
    2. second-person singular present imperative
    3. second-person singular present active imperative connegative

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hap'at'ak, equivalent to hapa- (“sour”) +‎ -ta. Cognates include Finnish hapata and Estonian hapneda.

Pronunciation

  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈhɑpɑtɑ/, [ˈhɑpɑt]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈhɑpɑtɑ/, [ˈhɑb̥ɑd̥ɑ]
  • (Hevaha) IPA(key): /ˈhɑpɑtɑk/, [ˈhɑb̥ɑd̥ɑɡ̊]
  • Rhymes: -ɑpɑt, -ɑpɑtɑ
  • Hyphenation: ha‧pa‧ta

Verb

hapata

  1. (intransitive) to sour

Conjugation

Conjugation of hapata (type 15/valeta, pp-p gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular happanen en happane 1st singular oon hapant, oon hapannut en oo hapant, en oo hapannut
2nd singular happanet et happane 2nd singular oot hapant, oot hapannut et oo hapant, et oo hapannut
3rd singular happanoo ei happane 3rd singular ono hapant, ono hapannut ei oo hapant, ei oo hapannut
1st plural happanemma emmä happane 1st plural oomma hapanneet emmä oo hapanneet
2nd plural happanetta että happane 2nd plural ootta hapanneet että oo hapanneet
3rd plural happanoot1), happanevat2), hapataa evät happane, ei hapata 3rd plural ovat hapanneet evät oo hapanneet, ei oo hapattu
impersonal hapataa ei hapata impersonal ono hapattu ei oo hapattu
Imperfekta Pluskvamperfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular happanin en hapant, en hapannut 1st singular olin hapant, olin hapannut en olt hapant, en olt hapannut
2nd singular happanit et hapant, et hapannut 2nd singular olit hapant, olit hapannut et olt hapant, et olt hapannut
3rd singular happani ei hapant, ei hapannut 3rd singular oli hapant, oli hapannut ei olt hapant, ei olt hapannut
1st plural happanimma emmä hapanneet 1st plural olimma hapanneet emmä olleet hapanneet
2nd plural happanitta että hapanneet 2nd plural olitta hapanneet että olleet hapanneet
3rd plural happaniit1), happanivat2), hapattii evät hapanneet, ei hapattu 3rd plural olivat hapanneet evät olleet hapanneet, ei olt hapattu
impersonal hapattii ei hapattu impersonal oli hapattu ei olt hapattu
Konditsionala
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular happanisin en happanis 1st singular olisin hapant, olisin hapannut en olis hapant, en olis hapannut
2nd singular happanisit, happaniist1) et happanis 2nd singular olisit hapant, olisit hapannut et olis hapant, et olis hapannut
3rd singular happanis ei happanis 3rd singular olis hapant, olis hapannut ei olis hapant, ei olis hapannut
1st plural happanisimma emmä happanis 1st plural olisimma hapanneet emmä olis hapanneet
2nd plural happanisitta että happanis 2nd plural olisitta hapanneet että olis hapanneet
3rd plural happanisiit1), happanisivat2), hapattais evät happanis, ei hapattais 3rd plural olisivat hapanneet evät olis hapanneet, ei olis hapattu
impersonal hapattais ei hapattais impersonal olis hapattu ei olis hapattu
Imperativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular — — 1st singular — —
2nd singular happane elä happane 2nd singular oo hapant, oo hapannut elä oo hapant, elä oo hapannut
3rd singular hapatkoo elköö hapatko 3rd singular olkoo hapant, olkoo hapannut elköö olko hapant, elköö olko hapannut
1st plural — — 1st plural — —
2nd plural hapatkaa elkää hapatko 2nd plural olkaa hapanneet elkää olko hapanneet
3rd plural hapatkoot elkööt hapatko, elköö hapattako 3rd plural olkoot hapanneet elkööt olko hapanneet, elköö olko hapattu
impersonal hapattakkoo elköö hapattako impersonal olkoo hapattu elköö olko hapattu
Potentsiala
Preesens
positive negative
1st singular hapanen en hapane
2nd singular hapanet et hapane
3rd singular hapanoo ei hapane
1st plural hapanemma emmä hapane
2nd plural hapanetta että hapane
3rd plural hapanoot evät hapane, ei hapattane
impersonal hapattannoo ei hapattane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat Partisipat
active passive
1st hapata present happaneva hapattava
2nd inessive hapatees past hapant, hapannut hapattu
instructive hapaten 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect.
2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect.
*) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (hapatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well.
**) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative
***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential
****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd illative happanommaa
inessive happanomas
elative happanomast
abessive happanomata
4th nominative happanomiin
partitive happanomista, happanomist

Synonyms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 39
  • Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 28

Karelian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hap'at'ak.

Verb

hapata

  1. to rot

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hap'at'ak.

Verb

hapata

  1. to rot

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hap'at'ak. Related to Finnish hapata.

Verb

hapata

  1. to rot, to go bad

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

References

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