Swahili
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic حَشِمَ (ḥašima).
Pronunciation
Verb
-heshimu (infinitive kuheshimu)
- to honour
- to respect
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -heshimu
|
| Positive present
|
-naheshimu
|
| Subjunctive
|
-heshimu
|
| Negative
|
-heshimu
|
| Imperative singular
|
heshimu
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
heshimu
|
| Plural
|
heshimuni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huheshimu
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liheshimu
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuheshimu
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naheshimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaheshimu/naheshimu
|
tunaheshimu
|
| 2nd person
|
unaheshimu
|
mnaheshimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaheshimu
|
wanaheshimu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naheshimu
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -heshimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siheshimu
|
hatuheshimu
|
| 2nd person
|
huheshimu
|
hamheshimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haheshimu
|
hawaheshimu
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -heshimu
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taheshimu
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taheshimu
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -heshimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niheshimu
|
tuheshimu
|
| 2nd person
|
uheshimu
|
mheshimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aheshimu
|
waheshimu
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -heshimu
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siheshimu
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeheshimu
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeheshimu
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliheshimu
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliheshimu
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aheshimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naheshimu
|
twaheshimu
|
| 2nd person
|
waheshimu
|
mwaheshimu
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aheshimu
|
waheshimu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waheshimu
|
yaheshimu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laheshimu
|
yaheshimu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaheshimu
|
vyaheshimu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaheshimu
|
zaheshimu
|
| u(XI)
|
waheshimu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaheshimu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paheshimu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaheshimu
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meheshimu
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaheshimu
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaheshimu
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiheshimu
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoheshimu
|
| Consecutive
|
kaheshimu / positive subject concord + -kaheshimu
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaheshimu
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niheshimu
|
-tuheshimu
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuheshimu
|
-waheshimu/-kuheshimuni/-waheshimuni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mheshimu
|
-waheshimu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uheshimu
|
-iheshimu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liheshimu
|
-yaheshimu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiheshimu
|
-viheshimu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iheshimu
|
-ziheshimu
|
| u(XI)
|
-uheshimu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuheshimu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paheshimu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muheshimu
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiheshimu
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -heshimu- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-heshimuye
|
-heshimuo
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-heshimuo
|
-heshimuyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-heshimulo
|
-heshimuyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-heshimucho
|
-heshimuvyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-heshimuyo
|
-heshimuzo
|
| u(XI)
|
-heshimuo
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-heshimuko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-heshimupo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-heshimumo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -heshimu)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeheshimu
|
-oheshimu
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oheshimu
|
-yoheshimu
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loheshimu
|
-yoheshimu
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choheshimu
|
-vyoheshimu
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoheshimu
|
-zoheshimu
|
| u(XI)
|
-oheshimu
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koheshimu
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poheshimu
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moheshimu
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms