Old Norse
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *hrugjaz. Cognate with Old English hryċġ (English ridge), Old High German rucki.
Noun
hryggr m (genitive hryggjar, plural hryggir)
- (anatomy) backbone, spine
- (landform) a ridge
Declension
Declension of hryggr (strong i-stem, ar-genitive)
| masculine
|
singular
|
plural
|
| indefinite
|
definite
|
indefinite
|
definite
|
| nominative
|
hryggr
|
hryggrinn
|
hryggir
|
hryggirnir
|
| accusative
|
hrygg
|
hrygginn
|
hryggi
|
hryggina
|
| dative
|
hrygg
|
hrygginum
|
hryggjum
|
hryggjunum
|
| genitive
|
hryggjar
|
hryggjarins
|
hryggja
|
hryggjanna
|
Descendants
Further reading
- Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “hryggr1”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
Etymology 2
Compare with hryggva, hryggja.
Adjective
hryggr (comparative hryggvari, superlative hryggvastr)
- afflicted, grieved, sad
Declension
Strong declension of hryggr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggr
|
hrygg
|
hryggt
|
| accusative
|
hryggvan
|
hryggva
|
hryggt
|
| dative
|
hryggum
|
hryggri
|
hryggu
|
| genitive
|
hryggs
|
hryggrar
|
hryggs
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggvir
|
hryggvar
|
hrygg
|
| accusative
|
hryggva
|
hryggvar
|
hrygg
|
| dative
|
hryggum
|
hryggum
|
hryggum
|
| genitive
|
hryggra
|
hryggra
|
hryggra
|
Weak declension of hryggr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggvi
|
hryggva
|
hryggva
|
| accusative
|
hryggva
|
hryggu
|
hryggva
|
| dative
|
hryggva
|
hryggu
|
hryggva
|
| genitive
|
hryggva
|
hryggu
|
hryggva
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggu
|
hryggu
|
hryggu
|
| accusative
|
hryggu
|
hryggu
|
hryggu
|
| dative
|
hryggum
|
hryggum
|
hryggum
|
| genitive
|
hryggu
|
hryggu
|
hryggu
|
Declension of comparative of hryggr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggra, hryggvara
|
| accusative
|
hryggra, hryggvara
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggra, hryggvara
|
| dative
|
hryggra, hryggvara
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggra, hryggvara
|
| genitive
|
hryggra, hryggvara
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggra, hryggvara
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
| accusative
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
| dative
|
hryggrum, hryggvarum
|
hryggrum, hryggvarum
|
hryggrum, hryggvarum
|
| genitive
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
hryggri, hryggvari
|
Strong declension of superlative of hryggr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggvastr
|
hryggust
|
hryggvast
|
| accusative
|
hryggvastan
|
hryggvasta
|
hryggvast
|
| dative
|
hryggustum
|
hryggvastri
|
hryggustu
|
| genitive
|
hryggvasts
|
hryggvastrar
|
hryggvasts
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggvastir
|
hryggvastar
|
hryggust
|
| accusative
|
hryggvasta
|
hryggvastar
|
hryggust
|
| dative
|
hryggustum
|
hryggustum
|
hryggustum
|
| genitive
|
hryggvastra
|
hryggvastra
|
hryggvastra
|
Weak declension of superlative of hryggr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggvasti
|
hryggvasta
|
hryggvasta
|
| accusative
|
hryggvasta
|
hryggustu
|
hryggvasta
|
| dative
|
hryggvasta
|
hryggustu
|
hryggvasta
|
| genitive
|
hryggvasta
|
hryggustu
|
hryggvasta
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
hryggustu
|
hryggustu
|
hryggustu
|
| accusative
|
hryggustu
|
hryggustu
|
hryggustu
|
| dative
|
hryggustum
|
hryggustum
|
hryggustum
|
| genitive
|
hryggustu
|
hryggustu
|
hryggustu
|
Descendants
Further reading
- Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “hryggr2”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 212; also available at the Internet Archive