hukkahua
Ingrian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈhukːɑhuɑ/, [ˈhukːəˌhuɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈhukːɑhuɑ/, [ˈhukːɑˌhuɑ]
- (Hevaha) IPA(key): /ˈhukːɑhuɑk/, [ˈhukːɑˌhuɑɡ̊]
- Rhymes: -uɑ
- Hyphenation: huk‧ka‧hu‧a
Verb
hukkahua
- (intransitive) to disappear
- (intransitive, of animals) to die
- 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by P. I. Maksimov and N. A. Iljin, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun neljättä klaassaa vart (toine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 30:
- Kokonaiset karjat heitä hukkahuut paljaan jään ja lumitormiloin aikaan.
- Entire herds of them die during the bare ice and blizzards.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of hukkahua (type 1/ampua, no gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | hukkahun | en hukkahu | 1st singular | oon hukkahunt, oon hukkahunut | en oo hukkahunt, en oo hukkahunut |
| 2nd singular | hukkahut | et hukkahu | 2nd singular | oot hukkahunt, oot hukkahunut | et oo hukkahunt, et oo hukkahunut |
| 3rd singular | hukkahuu | ei hukkahu | 3rd singular | ono hukkahunt, ono hukkahunut | ei oo hukkahunt, ei oo hukkahunut |
| 1st plural | hukkahumma | emmä hukkahu | 1st plural | oomma hukkahunneet | emmä oo hukkahunneet |
| 2nd plural | hukkahutta | että hukkahu | 2nd plural | ootta hukkahunneet | että oo hukkahunneet |
| 3rd plural | hukkahuut1), hukkahuvat2), hukkahuttaa | evät hukkahu, ei hukkahuta | 3rd plural | ovat hukkahunneet | evät oo hukkahunneet, ei oo hukkahuttu |
| impersonal | hukkahuttaa | ei hukkahuta | impersonal | ono hukkahuttu | ei oo hukkahuttu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | hukkahuin | en hukkahunt, en hukkahunut | 1st singular | olin hukkahunt, olin hukkahunut | en olt hukkahunt, en olt hukkahunut |
| 2nd singular | hukkahuit | et hukkahunt, et hukkahunut | 2nd singular | olit hukkahunt, olit hukkahunut | et olt hukkahunt, et olt hukkahunut |
| 3rd singular | hukkahui | ei hukkahunt, ei hukkahunut | 3rd singular | oli hukkahunt, oli hukkahunut | ei olt hukkahunt, ei olt hukkahunut |
| 1st plural | hukkahuimma | emmä hukkahunneet | 1st plural | olimma hukkahunneet | emmä olleet hukkahunneet |
| 2nd plural | hukkahuitta | että hukkahunneet | 2nd plural | olitta hukkahunneet | että olleet hukkahunneet |
| 3rd plural | hukkahuit1), hukkahuivat2), hukkahuttii | evät hukkahunneet, ei hukkahuttu | 3rd plural | olivat hukkahunneet | evät olleet hukkahunneet, ei olt hukkahuttu |
| impersonal | hukkahuttii | ei hukkahuttu | impersonal | oli hukkahuttu | ei olt hukkahuttu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | hukkahuisin | en hukkahuis | 1st singular | olisin hukkahunt, olisin hukkahunut | en olis hukkahunt, en olis hukkahunut |
| 2nd singular | hukkahuisit, hukkahuist1) | et hukkahuis | 2nd singular | olisit hukkahunt, olisit hukkahunut | et olis hukkahunt, et olis hukkahunut |
| 3rd singular | hukkahuis | ei hukkahuis | 3rd singular | olis hukkahunt, olis hukkahunut | ei olis hukkahunt, ei olis hukkahunut |
| 1st plural | hukkahuisimma | emmä hukkahuis | 1st plural | olisimma hukkahunneet | emmä olis hukkahunneet |
| 2nd plural | hukkahuisitta | että hukkahuis | 2nd plural | olisitta hukkahunneet | että olis hukkahunneet |
| 3rd plural | hukkahuisiit1), hukkahuisivat2), hukkahuttais | evät hukkahuis, ei hukkahuttais | 3rd plural | olisivat hukkahunneet | evät olis hukkahunneet, ei olis hukkahuttu |
| impersonal | hukkahuttais | ei hukkahuttais | impersonal | olis hukkahuttu | ei olis hukkahuttu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | hukkahu | elä hukkahu | 2nd singular | oo hukkahunt, oo hukkahunut | elä oo hukkahunt, elä oo hukkahunut |
| 3rd singular | hukkahukkoo | elköö hukkahuko | 3rd singular | olkoo hukkahunt, olkoo hukkahunut | elköö olko hukkahunt, elköö olko hukkahunut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | hukkahukkaa | elkää hukkahuko | 2nd plural | olkaa hukkahunneet | elkää olko hukkahunneet |
| 3rd plural | hukkahukkoot | elkööt hukkahuko, elköö hukkahuttako | 3rd plural | olkoot hukkahunneet | elkööt olko hukkahunneet, elköö olko hukkahuttu |
| impersonal | hukkahuttakoo | elköö hukkahuttako | impersonal | olkoo hukkahuttu | elköö olko hukkahuttu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | hukkahunen | en hukkahune | |||
| 2nd singular | hukkahunet | et hukkahune | |||
| 3rd singular | hukkahunnoo | ei hukkahune | |||
| 1st plural | hukkahunemma | emmä hukkahune | |||
| 2nd plural | hukkahunetta | että hukkahune | |||
| 3rd plural | hukkahunnoot | evät hukkahune, ei hukkahuttane | |||
| impersonal | hukkahuttanoo | ei hukkahuttane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | hukkahua | present | hukkahuva | hukkahuttava | |
| 2nd | inessive | hukkahues | past | hukkahunt, hukkahunut | hukkahuttu |
| instructive | hukkahuen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (hukkahukkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | hukkahummaa | |||
| inessive | hukkahumas | ||||
| elative | hukkahumast | ||||
| abessive | hukkahumata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | hukkahumiin | |||
| partitive | hukkahumista, hukkahumist | ||||
Synonyms
- (to disappear): hävitä
- (to die): koolla, saavva hukkaa, (of animals) nukkua, tavveta
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 72