incurver
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin incurvāre (“to bend inwards, bow, curve”), from in + curvō (“to bend”). Compare the inherited simple verb courber.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ̃.kyʁ.ve/
Audio: (file)
Verb
incurver
Conjugation
Conjugation of incurver (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | incurver | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | incurvant /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | incurvé /ɛ̃.kyʁ.ve/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | incurve /ɛ̃.kyʁv/ |
incurves /ɛ̃.kyʁv/ |
incurve /ɛ̃.kyʁv/ |
incurvons /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vɔ̃/ |
incurvez /ɛ̃.kyʁ.ve/ |
incurvent /ɛ̃.kyʁv/ |
| imperfect | incurvais /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vɛ/ |
incurvais /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vɛ/ |
incurvait /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vɛ/ |
incurvions /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vjɔ̃/ |
incurviez /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vje/ |
incurvaient /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | incurvai /ɛ̃.kyʁ.ve/ |
incurvas /ɛ̃.kyʁ.va/ |
incurva /ɛ̃.kyʁ.va/ |
incurvâmes /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vam/ |
incurvâtes /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vat/ |
incurvèrent /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vɛʁ/ | |
| future | incurverai /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁe/ |
incurveras /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁa/ |
incurvera /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁa/ |
incurverons /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁɔ̃/ |
incurverez /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁe/ |
incurveront /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | incurverais /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁɛ/ |
incurverais /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁɛ/ |
incurverait /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁɛ/ |
incurverions /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
incurveriez /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁje/ |
incurveraient /ɛ̃.kyʁ.və.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | incurve /ɛ̃.kyʁv/ |
incurves /ɛ̃.kyʁv/ |
incurve /ɛ̃.kyʁv/ |
incurvions /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vjɔ̃/ |
incurviez /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vje/ |
incurvent /ɛ̃.kyʁv/ |
| imperfect2 | incurvasse /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vas/ |
incurvasses /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vas/ |
incurvât /ɛ̃.kyʁ.va/ |
incurvassions /ɛ̃.kyʁ.va.sjɔ̃/ |
incurvassiez /ɛ̃.kyʁ.va.sje/ |
incurvassent /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | incurve /ɛ̃.kyʁv/ |
— | incurvons /ɛ̃.kyʁ.vɔ̃/ |
incurvez /ɛ̃.kyʁ.ve/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “incurver”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin
Verb
incurver
- first-person singular present passive subjunctive of incurvō