Egyptian
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Noun
m
- tooth
- Synonym: nḥḏt
- tusk
- Synonym: nḥḏt
Inflection
Declension of jbḥ (masculine)
| singular
|
jbḥ
|
| dual
|
jbḥwj
|
| plural
|
jbḥw
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jbḥ
|
|
|
|
|
|
| jbḥ
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥ
|
|
|
|
|
abbreviation
|
abbreviation
|
Descendants
- Demotic: ꜣbḥ, ꜣbḥy, ꜣb
- Akhmimic Coptic: ⲁⲃϩⲉ (abhe)
- Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲃⲁϩ (abah), ⲁⲃϩ (abh)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲃϩⲉ (obhe), ⲟⲃϩ (obh)
Verb
3-lit.
- (intransitive) to laugh, showing one’s teeth [Middle Kingdom literature]
Inflection
Conjugation of jbḥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jbḥ, geminated stem: jbḥḥ
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥw, jbḥ
|
jbḥt
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥ
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
jbḥ
|
ḥr jbḥ
|
m jbḥ
|
r jbḥ
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
| perfect
|
jbḥ.n
|
consecutive
|
jbḥ.jn
|
| terminative
|
jbḥt
|
| perfective3
|
jbḥ
|
obligative1
|
jbḥ.ḫr
|
| imperfective
|
jbḥ
|
| prospective3
|
jbḥ
|
potentialis1
|
jbḥ.kꜣ
|
| subjunctive
|
jbḥ
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
jbḥ.n
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥ, jbḥw5, jbḥy5
|
| imperfective
|
jbḥ, jbḥy, jbḥw5
|
jbḥ, jbḥj6, jbḥy6
|
jbḥ, jbḥw5
|
| prospective
|
jbḥ, jbḥtj7
|
jbḥtj4, jbḥt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
|
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Verb
3-lit.
- (intransitive, with m or ẖr) to run or stream with (liquid), to be(come) wet or awash with [Middle Kingdom literature and Medical papyri]
Inflection
Conjugation of jbḥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jbḥ, geminated stem: jbḥḥ
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥw, jbḥ
|
jbḥt
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥ
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
jbḥ
|
ḥr jbḥ
|
m jbḥ
|
r jbḥ
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
| perfect
|
jbḥ.n
|
consecutive
|
jbḥ.jn
|
| terminative
|
jbḥt
|
| perfective3
|
jbḥ
|
obligative1
|
jbḥ.ḫr
|
| imperfective
|
jbḥ
|
| prospective3
|
jbḥ
|
potentialis1
|
jbḥ.kꜣ
|
| subjunctive
|
jbḥ
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
jbḥ.n
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥ
|
jbḥ, jbḥw5, jbḥy5
|
| imperfective
|
jbḥ, jbḥy, jbḥw5
|
jbḥ, jbḥj6, jbḥy6
|
jbḥ, jbḥw5
|
| prospective
|
jbḥ, jbḥtj7
|
jbḥtj4, jbḥt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jbḥ
Derived terms
References
- “jbḥ (lemma ID 23830)”, “jbḥ (lemma ID 23840)”, and “jbḥ (lemma ID 23850)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 64.2–64.7
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 16