Swahili
Etymology
From Arabic جَرَحَ (jaraḥa).
Pronunciation
Verb
-jeruhi (infinitive kujeruhi)
- to wound, injure, hurt
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -jeruhi
|
| Positive present
|
-najeruhi
|
| Subjunctive
|
-jeruhi
|
| Negative
|
-jeruhi
|
| Imperative singular
|
jeruhi
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
jeruhi
|
| Plural
|
jeruhini
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hujeruhi
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lijeruhi
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kujeruhi
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -najeruhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninajeruhi/najeruhi
|
tunajeruhi
|
| 2nd person
|
unajeruhi
|
mnajeruhi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anajeruhi
|
wanajeruhi
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -najeruhi
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -jeruhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sijeruhi
|
hatujeruhi
|
| 2nd person
|
hujeruhi
|
hamjeruhi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hajeruhi
|
hawajeruhi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -jeruhi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tajeruhi
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tajeruhi
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -jeruhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nijeruhi
|
tujeruhi
|
| 2nd person
|
ujeruhi
|
mjeruhi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ajeruhi
|
wajeruhi
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -jeruhi
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sijeruhi
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngejeruhi
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singejeruhi
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalijeruhi
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalijeruhi
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ajeruhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
najeruhi
|
twajeruhi
|
| 2nd person
|
wajeruhi
|
mwajeruhi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ajeruhi
|
wajeruhi
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wajeruhi
|
yajeruhi
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lajeruhi
|
yajeruhi
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chajeruhi
|
vyajeruhi
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yajeruhi
|
zajeruhi
|
| u(XI)
|
wajeruhi
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwajeruhi
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pajeruhi
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwajeruhi
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mejeruhi
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshajeruhi
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jajeruhi
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kijeruhi
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipojeruhi
|
| Consecutive
|
kajeruhi / positive subject concord + -kajeruhi
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kajeruhi
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nijeruhi
|
-tujeruhi
|
| 2nd person
|
-kujeruhi
|
-wajeruhi/-kujeruhini/-wajeruhini
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mjeruhi
|
-wajeruhi
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ujeruhi
|
-ijeruhi
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lijeruhi
|
-yajeruhi
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kijeruhi
|
-vijeruhi
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ijeruhi
|
-zijeruhi
|
| u(XI)
|
-ujeruhi
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kujeruhi
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pajeruhi
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mujeruhi
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jijeruhi
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -jeruhi- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-jeruhiye
|
-jeruhio
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-jeruhio
|
-jeruhiyo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-jeruhilo
|
-jeruhiyo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-jeruhicho
|
-jeruhivyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-jeruhiyo
|
-jeruhizo
|
| u(XI)
|
-jeruhio
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-jeruhiko
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-jeruhipo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-jeruhimo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -jeruhi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yejeruhi
|
-ojeruhi
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ojeruhi
|
-yojeruhi
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lojeruhi
|
-yojeruhi
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chojeruhi
|
-vyojeruhi
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yojeruhi
|
-zojeruhi
|
| u(XI)
|
-ojeruhi
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kojeruhi
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pojeruhi
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mojeruhi
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms