jmꜣ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Verb

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) kindly, friendly, gracious, or amiable (+ n: toward)

    ― jmꜣ ḥr ― having a friendly face (literally, “friendly of face”)
    • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.11–1.12:



      ḫr (tw)r n(j) ḥr r dfꜣ jb jmꜣ n.f kꜣhs r mwt.f
      One who is averted of face against feeding the heart (i.e. one who doesn’t indulge himself), the harsh man has to be more kindly to him than his (own) mother.
  2. (intransitive, with n) to be(come) popular with, favored by, beloved by
  3. (intransitive) to be(come) charming or pleasing (+ n: toward)
  4. (intransitive, with r) to be(come) charmed, pleased, delighted with [Pyramid Texts]

Inflection

Conjugation of jmꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jmꜣ, geminated stem: jmꜣꜣ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
jmꜣ
 jmꜣw, jmꜣ
 jmꜣt
 jmꜣ
 jmꜣ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
jmꜣ
 ḥr jmꜣ
 m jmꜣ
 r jmꜣ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect jmꜣ.n
 consecutive jmꜣ.jn
terminative jmꜣt
perfective3 jmꜣ
 obligative1 jmꜣ.ḫr
imperfective jmꜣ
prospective3 jmꜣ
 potentialis1 jmꜣ.kꜣ
subjunctive jmꜣ
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect jmꜣ.n
 — —
perfective jmꜣ
 jmꜣ
 jmꜣ, jmꜣw5, jmꜣy5
imperfective jmꜣ, jmꜣy, jmꜣw5
 jmꜣ, jmꜣj6, jmꜣy6
 jmꜣ, jmꜣw5
prospective jmꜣ, jmꜣtj7
 jmꜣtj4, jmꜣt4

1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jmꜣ  
jꜣm jmꜣ jmꜣ jmꜣ jmꜣ jmꜣ jmꜣ jmꜣ
[Old Kingdom] [Old Kingdom] [Old Kingdom] [Old Kingdom] [Old Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom]
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jmꜣ  
jmꜣ jmꜣ jmꜣy jmy
[18th Dynasty] [18th Dynasty] [New Kingdom] [Greco-Roman Period]

Derived terms

Adjective
  1. perfective active participle of jmꜣ: kindly, friendly, gracious

Inflection

Declension of jmꜣ (perfective active participle)
masculine feminine
singular jmꜣ
 jmꜣt
dual jmꜣwj
 jmꜣtj
plural jmꜣw
 jmꜣwt1, jmꜣt2
1 Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
2 From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

Noun

 m

  1. a kind of fruit-bearing tree; the meaning of this term is uncertain.
  2. the wood of this tree, used for making statues and tools
  3. a part of this tree used medicinally

Usage notes

Formerly sometimes hypothesized to be a date palm, but this identification is no longer accepted.

Inflection

Declension of jmꜣ (masculine)
singular jmꜣ
dual jmꜣwj
plural jmꜣw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jmꜣ  
jꜣm jmꜣ jmꜣ jmꜣ jm jm
[Old Kingdom] [Old Kingdom] [Old Kingdom and Medical papyri] [18th Dynasty] [18th Dynasty] [Greco-Roman Period]
in hieratic in hieratic

Derived terms

Romanization

jmꜣ

  1. Alternative transliteration of jꜣmw (“tent”).

References

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