kỳkaron
Kari'na
Alternative forms
Etymology
Likely from the ancestor of *kyko (first-person inclusive dual pronoun, root of modern kỳko), perhaps Proto-Cariban *kɨku, + Proto-Cariban *-jamo (collective suffix) + *rô (emphatic particle). Analogous forms in other Cariban languages are similarly formed from various dual/non-collective forms combined with various collective and emphatic suffixes in different orders; none, however, are constructed with exactly the same morphemes as the Kari'na term. Compare Apalaí kymarokomo, Trió kïmënjamo, Wayana kunmëlamkom, Hixkaryana kàwyamo, Waiwai kïwyam, Akawaio kïmyamro, Ye'kwana künwanno.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
kỳkaron
- (East Suriname) the first-person inclusive plural pronoun; all of us, me and all of you, we (inclusive)
- Synonym: (Venezuela) kymonjáro
Inflection
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| first person exclusive | awu | nàna, ànaW | nàna, ànaW |
| first person inclusive | — | kỳko, kymoroV | kỳkaro(n), kymonjároV |
| second person | amoro | — | amyjaro(n), amonjároV |
| third person | (use demonstratives) | ||
V Venezuelan dialect.
W West Surinamese dialect.
References
- Courtz, Hendrik (2008) A Carib grammar and dictionary[1], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, pages 52–53, 310
- Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “kïkaro”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 217; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes[2], Paris, 1956, page 211
- Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931) “kïko”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 217; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes[3], Paris, 1956, page 211
- Yamada, Racquel-María (2010) “ky'karo”, in Speech community-based documentation, description, and revitalization: Kari’nja in Konomerume[4], University of Oregon, page 757