kaebama
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaibait'ak. Cognate with Finnish kaivata and Votic kaivõtõ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑe̯b̥ɑmɑ/, [ˈkɑe̯b̥ɑmɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑebɑmɑ
- Hyphenation: kae‧ba‧ma
Verb
kaebama (da-infinitive kaevata)
- (transitive) to complain (to talk to someone about something bad, unpleasant, worrying)
- Synonym: kurtma
- (transitive) to complain about (to say something accusatory about someone, to report a wrongdoing to a higher authority)
Usage notes
Not to be confused with kaevama.
Conjugation
Conjugation of kaebama (ÕS type 29/hüppama, b-v gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kaeban | ei kaeba | 1st sing. | olen kaevanud | ei ole kaevanud pole kaevanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kaebad | 2nd sing. | oled kaevanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaebab | 3rd sing. | on kaevanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kaebame | 1st plur. | oleme kaevanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaebate | 2nd plur. | olete kaevanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaebavad | 3rd plur. | on kaevanud | ||||||
| impersonal | kaevatakse | ei kaevata | impersonal | on kaevatud | ei ole kaevatud pole kaevatud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kaebasin | ei kaevanud | 1st sing. | olin kaevanud | ei olnud kaevanud polnud kaevanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kaebasid | 2nd sing. | olid kaevanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaebas | 3rd sing. | oli kaevanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kaebasime | 1st plur. | olime kaevanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaebasite | 2nd plur. | olite kaevanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaebasid | 3rd plur. | oli kaevanud | ||||||
| impersonal | kaevati | ei kaevatud | impersonal | oli kaevatud | ei olnud kaevatud polnud kaevatud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kaebaksin | ei kaebaks | 1st sing. | kaevanuksin oleksin kaevanud |
ei kaevanuks ei oleks kaevanud poleks kaevanud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kaebaksid | 2nd sing. | kaevanuksid oleksid kaevanud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaebaks | 3rd sing. | kaevanuks oleks kaevanud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kaebaksime | 1st plur. | kaevanuksime oleksime kaevanud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaebaksite | 2nd plur. | kaevanuksite oleksite kaevanud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaebaksid | 3rd plur. | kaevanuksid oleksid kaevanud | ||||||
| impersonal | kaevataks | ei kaevataks | impersonal | oleks kaevatud | ei oleks kaevatud poleks kaevatud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kaeba | ära kaeba | 2nd sing. | ole kaevanud | ära ole kaevanud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | kaevaku | ärgu kaevaku | 3rd sing. | olgu kaevanud | ärgu olgu kaevanud | ||||
| 1st plur. | kaevakem | ärme kaebame ärme kaeba ärgem kaevakem |
1st plur. | olgem kaevanud | ärme oleme kaevanud ärme ole kaevanud ärgem olgem kaevanud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | kaevake | ärge kaevake | 2nd plur. | olge kaevanud | ärge olge kaevanud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | kaevaku | ärgu kaevaku | 3rd plur. | olgu kaevanud | ärgu olgu kaevanud | ||||
| impersonal | kaevatagu | ärgu kaevatagu | impersonal | olgu kaevatud | ärgu olgu kaevatud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | kaebavat | ei kaebavat | active | olevat kaevanud | ei olevat kaevanud polevat kaevanud | ||||
| passive | kaevatavat | ei kaevatavat | passive | olevat kaevatud | ei olevat kaevatud polevat kaevatud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | kaebama | kaevatama | nominative | kaevata | olla kaevanud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | kaevates | olles kaevanud | |||||
| inessive | kaebamas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | kaebamast | present | kaebav | kaevatav | |||||
| translative | kaebamaks | past | kaevanud | kaevatud | |||||
| abessive | kaebamata | negative | kaebamatu | — | |||||
Derived terms
- edasi kaebama
- kohtusse kaebama
- peale kaebama
- taga kaebama