kirves
See also: Kirves
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kirves.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkirves/, [ˈkirves]
- Rhymes: -irves
- Hyphenation: kir‧ves
Noun
kirves (genitive kirve, partitive kirvest)
- axe (a tool with a handle for cutting, hewing, breaking wood or other work)
Declension
| Declension of kirves (ÕS type 7/kallas, length gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kirves | kirved | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | kirve | ||
| genitive | kirveste | ||
| partitive | kirvest | kirveid | |
| illative | kirvesse | kirvestesse kirveisse | |
| inessive | kirves | kirvestes kirveis | |
| elative | kirvest | kirvestest kirveist | |
| allative | kirvele | kirvestele kirveile | |
| adessive | kirvel | kirvestel kirveil | |
| ablative | kirvelt | kirvestelt kirveilt | |
| translative | kirveks | kirvesteks kirveiks | |
| terminative | kirveni | kirvesteni | |
| essive | kirvena | kirvestena | |
| abessive | kirveta | kirvesteta | |
| comitative | kirvega | kirvestega | |
References
- kirves in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
- “kirves”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kirves, borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Latvian cirvis, Lithuanian kirvis).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkirʋes/, [ˈk̟irʋe̞s̠]
- Rhymes: -irʋes
- Syllabification(key): kir‧ves
- Hyphenation(key): kir‧ves
Noun
kirves
- axe (tool)
- axe (weapon, short for sotakirves or taistelukirves)
Declension
| Inflection of kirves (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kirves | kirveet | |
| genitive | kirveen | kirveiden kirveitten | |
| partitive | kirvestä | kirveitä | |
| illative | kirveeseen | kirveisiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kirves | kirveet | |
| accusative | nom. | kirves | kirveet |
| gen. | kirveen | ||
| genitive | kirveen | kirveiden kirveitten kirvesten rare | |
| partitive | kirvestä | kirveitä | |
| inessive | kirveessä | kirveissä | |
| elative | kirveestä | kirveistä | |
| illative | kirveeseen | kirveisiin kirveihin rare | |
| adessive | kirveellä | kirveillä | |
| ablative | kirveeltä | kirveiltä | |
| allative | kirveelle | kirveille | |
| essive | kirveenä | kirveinä | |
| translative | kirveeksi | kirveiksi | |
| abessive | kirveettä | kirveittä | |
| instructive | — | kirvein | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of kirves (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
- hakokirves
- halkaisukirves
- halkomakirves
- havukirves
- heittokirves
- kalakirves
- kirveenhamara
- kirveenisku
- kirveenkanta
- kirveenterä
- kirveenvarsi
- kirvesahven
- kirveshamara
- kirveslinja
- kirvesmestaus
- kirvesmies
- Kirvesmäki
- Kirvesniemi
- Kirvesoja
- kirvespohja
- kirvesrinta
- kirvestyö
- kirvesvarsi
- kivikirves
- kourukirves
- koverokirves
- kuppauskirves
- käsikirves
- leimakirves
- lihakirves
- mestauskirves
- metallikirves
- mottikirves
- oikokirves
- olkakirves
- palokirves
- piilukirves
- pilkkakirves
- poikkikirves
- pronssikirves
- putkikirves
- reikäkirves
- retkikirves
- silmäkirves
- sotakirves
- suurkirves
- taistelukirves
- tappikirves
- vasarakirves
- veistokirves
Further reading
- “kirves”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023
Ingrian
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkirʋes/, [ˈkirʋe̞z̠]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkirʋes/, [ˈkirʋe̞ʒ̥]
- Rhymes: -irʋes
- Hyphenation: kir‧ves
Noun
kirves
- alternative form of kerves (“axe”)
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 60:
- Vinkuu saha, kirves särköö.
- The saw squeals, the axe splinters.
Declension
| Declension of kirves (type 2/patsas, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kirves | kirveet |
| genitive | kirveen | kirvein |
| partitive | kirvestä, kirvest | kirveitä, kirvejä |
| illative | kirveesse | kirveisse |
| inessive | kirvees | kirveis |
| elative | kirveest | kirveist |
| allative | kirveelle | kirveille |
| adessive | kirveel | kirveil |
| ablative | kirveelt | kirveilt |
| translative | kirveeks | kirveiks |
| essive | kirveennä, kirveen | kirveinnä, kirvein |
| exessive1) | kirveent | kirveint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
References
- Fedor Tumansky (1790) “кирвисъ”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 691
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 158
Karelian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kirves, from a Baltic language, compare Lithuanian kirvis.
Noun
kirves (genitive kirvehen, partitive kirvesty)