kopog

Hungarian

Etymology

From the same sound-imitative root as koppant (“to rap, to strike a quick, light blow”), kopácsol (“to hammer”), koppan (“to thud”) + -og (frequentative verb-forming suffix).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈkopoɡ]
Hyphenation: ko‧pog
Rhymes: -oɡ

Verb

kopog

(intransitive) to knock (on or at something -n/-on/-en/-ön)
Synonyms: kopogtat, zörget

Valaki kopog az ajtón! ― Somebody is knocking at the door!

Kopog a szemem az éhségtől! (idiomatic) ― I am starving!
(intransitive, of woodpecker) to tap, knock, hammer
Synonym: kopácsol

A harkály kopog a fán. ― The woodpecker is knocking on the tree.
(intransitive, of rain) to patter, rattle (on something -n/-on/-en/-ön)
Synonym: dobol

Az eső kopog a háztetőn. ― The rain is pattering on the roof.
(transitive) to clack (to make clicking noises while typing on a keyboard, typewriter or telegraph)

Conjugation

Conjugation of *kopog*
other forms	verbal noun		present part.	past part.	future part.	adverbial participle		causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indicative	indicative	present	indef.	kopogok	kopogsz	kopog	kopogunk	kopogtok	kopognak
			def.	kopogom	kopogod	kopogja	kopogjuk	kopogjátok	kopogják
			2nd obj	kopoglak
		past	indef.	kopogtam	kopogtál	kopogott	kopogtunk	kopogtatok	kopogtak
			def.	kopogtam	kopogtad	kopogta	kopogtuk	kopogtátok	kopogták
			2nd obj	kopogtalak
		future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. kopogni fog.
archaic preterite		indef.	kopogék	kopogál	kopoga	kopogánk	kopogátok	kopogának
		def.	kopogám	kopogád	kopogá	kopogánk	kopogátok	kopogák
		2nd obj	kopogálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kopog vala, kopogott vala/volt.
archaic future		indef.	kopogandok	kopogandasz	kopogand	kopogandunk	kopogandotok	kopogandanak
		def.	kopogandom	kopogandod	kopogandja	kopogandjuk	kopogandjátok	kopogandják
		2nd obj	kopogandalak

conditional		present	indef.	kopognék	kopognál	kopogna	kopognánk	kopognátok	kopognának
	def.		kopognám	kopognád	kopogná	kopognánk (or kopognók)	kopognátok	kopognák
	2nd obj		kopognálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kopogott volna

subjunctive	subjunctive	present	indef.	kopogjak	kopogj or kopogjál	kopogjon	kopogjunk	kopogjatok	kopogjanak
			def.	kopogjam	kopogd or kopogjad	kopogja	kopogjuk	kopogjátok	kopogják
			2nd obj	kopogjalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kopogott légyen

infinitive		kopogni		kopognom	kopognod	kopognia	kopognunk	kopognotok	kopogniuk
other forms	kopogás		kopogó	kopogott	kopogandó	kopogva (kopogván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

Potential conjugation of *kopog*
other forms	positive adjective			negative adjective		adverbial participle
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
indicative	indicative	present	indef.	kopoghatok	kopoghatsz	kopoghat	kopoghatunk	kopoghattok	kopoghatnak
			def.	kopoghatom	kopoghatod	kopoghatja	kopoghatjuk	kopoghatjátok	kopoghatják
			2nd obj	kopoghatlak
		past	indef.	kopoghattam	kopoghattál	kopoghatott	kopoghattunk	kopoghattatok	kopoghattak
			def.	kopoghattam	kopoghattad	kopoghatta	kopoghattuk	kopoghattátok	kopoghatták
			2nd obj	kopoghattalak
archaic preterite		indef.	kopoghaték	kopoghatál	kopoghata	kopoghatánk	kopoghatátok	kopoghatának
		def.	kopoghatám	kopoghatád	kopoghatá	kopoghatánk	kopoghatátok	kopoghaták
		2nd obj	kopoghatálak
archaic past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kopoghat vala, kopoghatott vala/volt.
archaic future		indef.	kopoghatandok or kopogandhatok	kopoghatandasz or kopogandhatsz	kopoghatand or kopogandhat	kopoghatandunk or kopogandhatunk	kopoghatandotok or kopogandhattok	kopoghatandanak or kopogandhatnak
		def.	kopoghatandom or kopogandhatom	kopoghatandod or kopogandhatod	kopoghatandja or kopogandhatja	kopoghatandjuk or kopogandhatjuk	kopoghatandjátok or kopogandhatjátok	kopoghatandják or kopogandhatják
		2nd obj	kopoghatandalak or kopogandhatlak

conditional		present	indef.	kopoghatnék	kopoghatnál	kopoghatna	kopoghatnánk	kopoghatnátok	kopoghatnának
	def.		kopoghatnám	kopoghatnád	kopoghatná	kopoghatnánk (or kopoghatnók)	kopoghatnátok	kopoghatnák
	2nd obj		kopoghatnálak
	past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kopoghatott volna

subjunctive	subjunctive	present	indef.	kopoghassak	kopoghass or kopoghassál	kopoghasson	kopoghassunk	kopoghassatok	kopoghassanak
			def.	kopoghassam	kopoghasd or kopoghassad	kopoghassa	kopoghassuk	kopoghassátok	kopoghassák
			2nd obj	kopoghassalak
(archaic) past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kopoghatott légyen

infinitive		(kopoghatni)		(kopoghatnom)	(kopoghatnod)	(kopoghatnia)	(kopoghatnunk)	(kopoghatnotok)	(kopoghatniuk)
other forms	kopogható			kopoghatatlan		(kopoghatva / kopoghatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

átkopog
bekopog
kikopog
lekopog

References

^ kopog in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)