kramtyti

Lithuanian

Etymology

From *kramt-, the o-grade of the root underlying krim̃sti (“to bite, crunch”).^[1]^[2] Cognate with Latvian kram̃tît (“to gnaw”), kràmstît (“to nibble; to seize”), kramsts (“someone who snaps their teeth at something”), kramsît (“to break with the teeth, crumble”).

Pronunciation

Verb

kramtýti (third-person present tense kram̃to, third-person past tense kram̃tė)

(transitive) to chew

Conjugation

Conjugation of *kramtyti*
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
		singular vienaskaita			plural daugiskaita
		aš	tu	jis/ji	mes	jūs	jie/jos
indicative tiesioginė nuosaka	present esamasis laikas	kramtaũ	kramtai̇̃	kram̃to	kram̃tome, kram̃tom	kram̃tote, kram̃tot	kram̃to
	past būtasis kartinis laikas	kramčiaũ	kramtei̇̃	kram̃tė	kram̃tėme, kram̃tėm	kram̃tėte, kram̃tėt	kram̃tė
	past frequentative būtasis dažninis laikas	kramtýdavau	kramtýdavai	kramtýdavo	kramtýdavome, kramtýdavom	kramtýdavote, kramtýdavot	kramtýdavo
	future būsimasis laikas	kramtýsiu	kramtýsi	kramtýs	kramtýsime, kramtýsim	kramtýsite, kramtýsit	kramtýs
subjunctive tariamoji nuosaka		kramtýčiau	kramtýtum, kramtýtumei	kramtýtų	kramtýtumėme, kramtýtumėm, kramtýtume	kramtýtumėte, kramtýtumėt	kramtýtų
imperative liepiamoji nuosaka		—	kramtýk, kramtýki	tekram̃to, tekram̃tai	kramtýkime, kramtýkim	kramtýkite, kramtýkit	tekram̃to, tekram̃tai

Participles of kramtyti

adjectival (dalyviai)
	active	passive
present	kram̃tąs, kram̃tantis	kram̃tomas
past	kram̃tęs	kramtýtas
past frequentative	kramtýdavęs	—
future	kramtýsiąs, kramtýsiantis	kramtýsimas
participle of necessity	—	kramtýtinas

adverbial
special pusdalyvis		kramtýdamas
half-participle padalyviai	present	kram̃tant
	past	kram̃čius
	past frequentative	kramtýdavus
	future	kramtýsiant
manner of action būdinys		kramtýte, kramtýtinai

References

^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “krim̃sti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 315-6
^ “kramtýti” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–); p. 597 in ALEW 1.1 (online, 2019).