Old Norse
Etymology
According to Kroonen, from Proto-Germanic *krampa- (“crooked”), an adjective from the verb *krimpaną (“to shrink”).[1] However, Pokorny posits that it is related to Proto-Germanic *kraftuz (“power, strength”), similar to kraptr, from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to twist, wind”).[2]
Adjective
krappr
- strait, narrow
- sharp, crafty
Declension
Strong declension of krappr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krappr
|
krǫpp
|
krapt
|
| accusative
|
krappan
|
krappa
|
krapt
|
| dative
|
krǫppum
|
krappri
|
krǫppu
|
| genitive
|
krapps
|
krapprar
|
krapps
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krappir
|
krappar
|
krǫpp
|
| accusative
|
krappa
|
krappar
|
krǫpp
|
| dative
|
krǫppum
|
krǫppum
|
krǫppum
|
| genitive
|
krappra
|
krappra
|
krappra
|
Weak declension of krappr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krappi
|
krappa
|
krappa
|
| accusative
|
krappa
|
krǫppu
|
krappa
|
| dative
|
krappa
|
krǫppu
|
krappa
|
| genitive
|
krappa
|
krǫppu
|
krappa
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krǫppu
|
krǫppu
|
krǫppu
|
| accusative
|
krǫppu
|
krǫppu
|
krǫppu
|
| dative
|
krǫppum
|
krǫppum
|
krǫppum
|
| genitive
|
krǫppu
|
krǫppu
|
krǫppu
|
Declension of comparative of krappr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krappari
|
krappari
|
krappara
|
| accusative
|
krappara
|
krappari
|
krappara
|
| dative
|
krappara
|
krappari
|
krappara
|
| genitive
|
krappara
|
krappari
|
krappara
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krappari
|
krappari
|
krappari
|
| accusative
|
krappari
|
krappari
|
krappari
|
| dative
|
krǫppurum
|
krǫppurum
|
krǫppurum
|
| genitive
|
krappari
|
krappari
|
krappari
|
Strong declension of superlative of krappr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krappastr
|
krǫppust
|
krappast
|
| accusative
|
krappastan
|
krappasta
|
krappast
|
| dative
|
krǫppustum
|
krappastri
|
krǫppustu
|
| genitive
|
krappasts
|
krappastrar
|
krappasts
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krappastir
|
krappastar
|
krǫppust
|
| accusative
|
krappasta
|
krappastar
|
krǫppust
|
| dative
|
krǫppustum
|
krǫppustum
|
krǫppustum
|
| genitive
|
krappastra
|
krappastra
|
krappastra
|
Weak declension of superlative of krappr
| singular
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krappasti
|
krappasta
|
krappasta
|
| accusative
|
krappasta
|
krǫppustu
|
krappasta
|
| dative
|
krappasta
|
krǫppustu
|
krappasta
|
| genitive
|
krappasta
|
krǫppustu
|
krappasta
|
|
|
| plural
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
neuter
|
| nominative
|
krǫppustu
|
krǫppustu
|
krǫppustu
|
| accusative
|
krǫppustu
|
krǫppustu
|
krǫppustu
|
| dative
|
krǫppustum
|
krǫppustum
|
krǫppustum
|
| genitive
|
krǫppustu
|
krǫppustu
|
krǫppustu
|
Descendants
- Icelandic: krappur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: krapp
- Norwegian Bokmål: krapp
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “krampa”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 301
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “385-390”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 385-390
Further reading
- Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “krappr”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive