mongaru
Mbyá Guaraní
Etymology
Cognate with Old Tupi mongaru. By surface analysis, mo- + karu.
Verb
mongaru
Conjugation
Conjugation of mongaru
References
- Robert A. Dooley (August 2016) “mongaru”, in Léxico guarani, dialeto mbyá: guarani-português (overall work in Portuguese), Anápolis: SIL Brasil, page 120
Old Tupi
Etymology
Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní mongaru. By surface analysis, mo- + karu.
Verb
mongaru (first-person singular active indicative aîmongaru, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîmongaruî, noun mongaru) (transitive)
- to graze (to feed or supply with grass)
Conjugation
Conjugation of mongaru (transitive, U-ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)
Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.
| Causative | mongaruukar | |||||
| Reflexive | îemongaru | |||||
| Deverbals | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -ba'e | oîmongaruba'e | |||||
| emi- | emimongaru / mimongaru | |||||
| -pyr(a) | i mongarupyra | |||||
| -sab(a) | mongarûaba / mongarusaba | |||||
| -sar(a) | mongarûara / mongarusara | |||||
| Singular | Singular & Plural | Plural | ||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person exclusive | 1st person inclusive | 2nd person | |
| Verbal forms | ||||||
| Active | ||||||
| Indicative | aîmongaru | ereîmongaru | oîmongaru | oroîmongaru | îaîmongaru | peîmongaru |
| Permissive | t'aîmongaru | t'ereîmongaru | t'oîmongaru | t'oroîmongaru | t'îaîmongaru | ta peîmongaru |
| Imperative | eîmongaru | peîmongaru | ||||
| Negative indicative | n'aîmongaruî | n'ereîmongaruî | n'oîmongaruî | n'oroîmongaruî | n'îaîmongaruî | na peîmongaruî |
| Negative permissive | t'aîmongaru umẽ | t'ereîmongaru umẽ | t'oîmongaru umẽ | t'oroîmongaru umẽ | t'îaîmongaru umẽ | ta peîmongaru umẽ |
| Negative imperative | eîmongaru umẽ | peîmongaru umẽ | ||||
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Affirmative | mongaru | |||||
| Negative | mongarue'yma | |||||
| Gerund | ||||||
| Affirmative | xe mongarûabo | nde mongarûabo | i mongarûabo | oré mongarûabo | îandé mongarûabo | pe mongarûabo |
| Negative | xe mongarue'yma | nde mongarue'yma | i mongarue'yma | oré mongarue'yma | îandé mongarue'yma | pe mongarue'yma |
| Circumstantial | ||||||
| Affirmative | xe mongaruû | i mongaruû | oré mongaruû | îandé mongaruû | ||
| Negative | xe mongarue'ymi | i mongarue'ymi | oré mongarue'ymi | îandé mongarue'ymi | ||
References
- anonymous author (1622) “Apassentar”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 37: “Aimõgarû [Aîmongaru]”
- Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “mongaru”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 306, column 1