Swahili
Etymology
Compare with Chichewa -mwetsa and Tumbuka -mweska.
Pronunciation
Verb
-nywesha (infinitive kunywesha)
- Causative form of -nywa: to water, to make drink or give someone a drink
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -nywesha
|
| Positive present
|
-nanywesha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-nyweshe
|
| Negative
|
-nyweshi
|
| Imperative singular
|
nywesha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
nywesha
|
| Plural
|
nywesheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hunywesha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -linywesha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kunywesha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nanywesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninanywesha/nanywesha
|
tunanywesha
|
| 2nd person
|
unanywesha
|
mnanywesha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
ananywesha
|
wananywesha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nanywesha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -nyweshi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sinyweshi
|
hatunyweshi
|
| 2nd person
|
hunyweshi
|
hamnyweshi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hanyweshi
|
hawanyweshi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -nyweshi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tanywesha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tanywesha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -nyweshe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninyweshe
|
tunyweshe
|
| 2nd person
|
unyweshe
|
mnyweshe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anyweshe
|
wanyweshe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nyweshe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sinyweshe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngenywesha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singenywesha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalinywesha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalinywesha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -anywesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nanywesha
|
twanywesha
|
| 2nd person
|
wanywesha
|
mwanywesha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anywesha
|
wanywesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wanywesha
|
yanywesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lanywesha
|
yanywesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chanywesha
|
vyanywesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yanywesha
|
zanywesha
|
| u(XI)
|
wanywesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwanywesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
panywesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwanywesha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -menywesha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshanywesha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -janywesha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kinywesha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siponywesha
|
| Consecutive
|
kanywesha / positive subject concord + -kanywesha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kanyweshe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-ninywesha
|
-tunywesha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kunywesha
|
-wanywesha/-kunywesheni/-wanywesheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mnywesha
|
-wanywesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-unywesha
|
-inywesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-linywesha
|
-yanywesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kinywesha
|
-vinywesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-inywesha
|
-zinywesha
|
| u(XI)
|
-unywesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kunywesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-panywesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-munywesha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jinywesha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -nywesha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-nyweshaye
|
-nyweshao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-nyweshao
|
-nyweshayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-nyweshalo
|
-nyweshayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-nyweshacho
|
-nyweshavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-nyweshayo
|
-nyweshazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-nyweshao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-nyweshako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-nyweshapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-nyweshamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -nywesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yenywesha
|
-onywesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-onywesha
|
-yonywesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lonywesha
|
-yonywesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chonywesha
|
-vyonywesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yonywesha
|
-zonywesha
|
| u(XI)
|
-onywesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-konywesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ponywesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-monywesha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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