Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-ongoza (infinitive kuongoza)
- Causative form of -ongoa: to lead
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -ongoza
|
| Positive present
|
-naongoza
|
| Subjunctive
|
-ongoze
|
| Negative
|
-ongozi
|
| Imperative singular
|
ongoza
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
ongoza
|
| Plural
|
ongozeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huongoza
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -liongoza
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuongoza
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -naongoza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninaongoza/naongoza
|
tunaongoza
|
| 2nd person
|
unaongoza
|
mnaongoza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anaongoza
|
wanaongoza
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -naongoza
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -ongozi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
siongozi
|
hatuongozi
|
| 2nd person
|
huongozi
|
hamwongozi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
haongozi
|
hawaongozi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -ongozi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -taongoza
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -taongoza
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ongoze)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niongoze
|
tuongoze
|
| 2nd person
|
uongoze
|
mwongoze
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aongoze
|
waongoze
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -ongoze
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siongoze
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngeongoza
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singeongoza
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngaliongoza
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singaliongoza
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aongoza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
naongoza
|
twaongoza
|
| 2nd person
|
waongoza
|
mwaongoza
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
aongoza
|
waongoza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
waongoza
|
yaongoza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
laongoza
|
yaongoza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chaongoza
|
vyaongoza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yaongoza
|
zaongoza
|
| u(XI)
|
waongoza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwaongoza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
paongoza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwaongoza
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -meongoza
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshaongoza
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jaongoza
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiongoza
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipoongoza
|
| Consecutive
|
kaongoza / positive subject concord + -kaongoza
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kaongoze
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-niongoza
|
-tuongoza
|
| 2nd person
|
-kuongoza
|
-waongoza/-kuongozeni/-waongozeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mwongoza
|
-waongoza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-uongoza
|
-iongoza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-liongoza
|
-yaongoza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kiongoza
|
-viongoza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-iongoza
|
-ziongoza
|
| u(XI)
|
-uongoza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kuongoza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-paongoza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-muongoza
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jiongoza
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ongoza- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-ongozaye
|
-ongozao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ongozao
|
-ongozayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-ongozalo
|
-ongozayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-ongozacho
|
-ongozavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ongozayo
|
-ongozazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-ongozao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-ongozako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-ongozapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-ongozamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ongoza)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yeongoza
|
-oongoza
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-oongoza
|
-yoongoza
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-loongoza
|
-yoongoza
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-choongoza
|
-vyoongoza
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yoongoza
|
-zoongoza
|
| u(XI)
|
-oongoza
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-koongoza
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poongoza
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-moongoza
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
- Verbal derivations:
- Passive: -ongozwa (“be led”)
- Reciprocal: -ongozana (“to move together in the same direction; towards a common goal”)
- Stative: -ongozeka (“be driven forward”)