Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-potesha (infinitive kupotesha)
- Causative form of -pota
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -potesha
|
| Positive present
|
-napotesha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-poteshe
|
| Negative
|
-poteshi
|
| Imperative singular
|
potesha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
potesha
|
| Plural
|
potesheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hupotesha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lipotesha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kupotesha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -napotesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninapotesha/napotesha
|
tunapotesha
|
| 2nd person
|
unapotesha
|
mnapotesha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anapotesha
|
wanapotesha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -napotesha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -poteshi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sipoteshi
|
hatupoteshi
|
| 2nd person
|
hupoteshi
|
hampoteshi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hapoteshi
|
hawapoteshi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -poteshi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tapotesha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tapotesha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -poteshe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nipoteshe
|
tupoteshe
|
| 2nd person
|
upoteshe
|
mpoteshe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apoteshe
|
wapoteshe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -poteshe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sipoteshe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngepotesha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singepotesha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalipotesha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalipotesha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apotesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
napotesha
|
twapotesha
|
| 2nd person
|
wapotesha
|
mwapotesha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
apotesha
|
wapotesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wapotesha
|
yapotesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lapotesha
|
yapotesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chapotesha
|
vyapotesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yapotesha
|
zapotesha
|
| u(XI)
|
wapotesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwapotesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
papotesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwapotesha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mepotesha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshapotesha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -japotesha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kipotesha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipopotesha
|
| Consecutive
|
kapotesha / positive subject concord + -kapotesha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kapoteshe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nipotesha
|
-tupotesha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kupotesha
|
-wapotesha/-kupotesheni/-wapotesheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mpotesha
|
-wapotesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-upotesha
|
-ipotesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lipotesha
|
-yapotesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kipotesha
|
-vipotesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ipotesha
|
-zipotesha
|
| u(XI)
|
-upotesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kupotesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-papotesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mupotesha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jipotesha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -potesha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-poteshaye
|
-poteshao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-poteshao
|
-poteshayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-poteshalo
|
-poteshayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-poteshacho
|
-poteshavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-poteshayo
|
-poteshazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-poteshao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-poteshako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-poteshapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-poteshamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -potesha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yepotesha
|
-opotesha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-opotesha
|
-yopotesha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lopotesha
|
-yopotesha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chopotesha
|
-vyopotesha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yopotesha
|
-zopotesha
|
| u(XI)
|
-opotesha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kopotesha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-popotesha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mopotesha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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