Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *purdak.
Verb
purema (da-infinitive pureda)
- (transitive) to bite
Conjugation
Conjugation of purema (ÕS type 27/elama, no gradation)
| indicative
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| person
|
positive
|
negative
|
person
|
positive
|
negative
|
| 1st sing.
|
puren
|
ei pure
|
1st sing.
|
olen purenud
|
ei ole purenud
pole purenud
|
| 2nd sing.
|
pured
|
2nd sing.
|
oled purenud
|
| 3rd sing.
|
pureb
|
3rd sing.
|
on purenud
|
| 1st plur.
|
pureme
|
1st plur.
|
oleme purenud
|
| 2nd plur.
|
purete
|
2nd plur.
|
olete purenud
|
| 3rd plur.
|
purevad
|
3rd plur.
|
on purenud
|
| impersonal
|
puretakse
|
ei pureta
|
impersonal
|
on puretud
|
ei ole puretud
pole puretud
|
| past
|
pluperfect
|
| person
|
positive
|
negative
|
person
|
positive
|
negative
|
| 1st sing.
|
puresin
|
ei purenud
|
1st sing.
|
olin purenud
|
ei olnud purenud
polnud purenud
|
| 2nd sing.
|
puresid
|
2nd sing.
|
olid purenud
|
| 3rd sing.
|
pures
|
3rd sing.
|
oli purenud
|
| 1st plur.
|
puresime
|
1st plur.
|
olime purenud
|
| 2nd plur.
|
puresite
|
2nd plur.
|
olite purenud
|
| 3rd plur.
|
puresid
|
3rd plur.
|
oli purenud
|
| impersonal
|
pureti
|
ei puretud
|
impersonal
|
oli puretud
|
ei olnud puretud
polnud puretud
|
| conditional
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| person
|
positive
|
negative
|
person
|
positive
|
negative
|
| 1st sing.
|
pureksin
|
ei pureks
|
1st sing.
|
purenuksin
oleksin purenud
|
ei purenuks
ei oleks purenud
poleks purenud
|
| 2nd sing.
|
pureksid
|
2nd sing.
|
purenuksid
oleksid purenud
|
| 3rd sing.
|
pureks
|
3rd sing.
|
purenuks
oleks purenud
|
| 1st plur.
|
pureksime
|
1st plur.
|
purenuksime
oleksime purenud
|
| 2nd plur.
|
pureksite
|
2nd plur.
|
purenuksite
oleksite purenud
|
| 3rd plur.
|
pureksid
|
3rd plur.
|
purenuksid
oleksid purenud
|
| impersonal
|
puretaks
|
ei puretaks
|
impersonal
|
oleks puretud
|
ei oleks puretud
poleks puretud
|
| imperative
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| person
|
positive
|
negative
|
person
|
positive
|
negative
|
| 1st sing.
|
—
|
—
|
1st sing.
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd sing.
|
pure
|
ära pure
|
2nd sing.
|
ole purenud
|
ära ole purenud
|
| 3rd sing.
|
puregu
|
ärgu puregu
|
3rd sing.
|
olgu purenud
|
ärgu olgu purenud
|
| 1st plur.
|
puregem
|
ärme pureme
ärme pure
ärgem puregem
|
1st plur.
|
olgem purenud
|
ärme oleme purenud
ärme ole purenud
ärgem olgem purenud
|
| 2nd plur.
|
purege
|
ärge purege
|
2nd plur.
|
olge purenud
|
ärge olge purenud
|
| 3rd plur.
|
puregu
|
ärgu puregu
|
3rd plur.
|
olgu purenud
|
ärgu olgu purenud
|
| impersonal
|
puretagu
|
ärgu puretagu
|
impersonal
|
olgu puretud
|
ärgu olgu puretud
|
| quotative
|
| present
|
perfect
|
| voice
|
positive
|
negative
|
voice
|
positive
|
negative
|
| active
|
purevat
|
ei purevat
|
active
|
olevat purenud
|
ei olevat purenud
polevat purenud
|
| passive
|
puretavat
|
ei puretavat
|
passive
|
olevat puretud
|
ei olevat puretud
polevat puretud
|
| Nominal forms
|
| ma-infinitive
|
active
|
passive
|
da-infinitive
|
present
|
past
|
| nominative
|
purema
|
puretama
|
nominative
|
pureda
|
olla purenud
|
| illative
|
—
|
inessive
|
puredes
|
olles purenud
|
| inessive
|
puremas
|
participle
|
active
|
passive
|
| elative
|
puremast
|
present
|
purev
|
puretav
|
| translative
|
puremaks
|
past
|
purenud
|
puretud
|
| abessive
|
puremata
|
negative
|
purematu
|
—
|
Further reading
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpuremɑ/, [ˈpure̞mɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -uremɑ
- Syllabification(key): pu‧re‧ma
- Hyphenation(key): pu‧re‧ma
Etymology 1
purra + -ma
Noun
purema
- bite (the wound or swelling on skin caused by an animal that has bitten the skin)
- synonym of pisto (“sting (by an animal)”)
Declension
| Inflection of purema (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
|
| nominative
|
purema
|
puremat
|
| genitive
|
pureman
|
puremien
|
| partitive
|
puremaa
|
puremia
|
| illative
|
puremaan
|
puremiin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
purema
|
puremat
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
purema
|
puremat
|
| gen.
|
pureman
|
| genitive
|
pureman
|
puremien
puremain rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaa
|
puremia
|
| inessive
|
puremassa
|
puremissa
|
| elative
|
puremasta
|
puremista
|
| illative
|
puremaan
|
puremiin
|
| adessive
|
puremalla
|
puremilla
|
| ablative
|
puremalta
|
puremilta
|
| allative
|
puremalle
|
puremille
|
| essive
|
puremana
|
puremina
|
| translative
|
puremaksi
|
puremiksi
|
| abessive
|
purematta
|
puremitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
puremin
|
| comitative
|
See the possessive forms below.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremani
|
puremani
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremani
|
puremani
|
| gen.
|
puremani
|
| genitive
|
puremani
|
puremieni
puremaini rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaani
|
puremiani
|
| inessive
|
puremassani
|
puremissani
|
| elative
|
puremastani
|
puremistani
|
| illative
|
puremaani
|
puremiini
|
| adessive
|
puremallani
|
puremillani
|
| ablative
|
puremaltani
|
puremiltani
|
| allative
|
puremalleni
|
puremilleni
|
| essive
|
puremanani
|
pureminani
|
| translative
|
puremakseni
|
puremikseni
|
| abessive
|
puremattani
|
puremittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
puremineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremasi
|
puremasi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremasi
|
puremasi
|
| gen.
|
puremasi
|
| genitive
|
puremasi
|
puremiesi
puremaisi rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaasi
|
puremiasi
|
| inessive
|
puremassasi
|
puremissasi
|
| elative
|
puremastasi
|
puremistasi
|
| illative
|
puremaasi
|
puremiisi
|
| adessive
|
puremallasi
|
puremillasi
|
| ablative
|
puremaltasi
|
puremiltasi
|
| allative
|
puremallesi
|
puremillesi
|
| essive
|
puremanasi
|
pureminasi
|
| translative
|
puremaksesi
|
puremiksesi
|
| abessive
|
puremattasi
|
puremittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
pureminesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremamme
|
puremamme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremamme
|
puremamme
|
| gen.
|
puremamme
|
| genitive
|
puremamme
|
puremiemme
puremaimme rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaamme
|
puremiamme
|
| inessive
|
puremassamme
|
puremissamme
|
| elative
|
puremastamme
|
puremistamme
|
| illative
|
puremaamme
|
puremiimme
|
| adessive
|
puremallamme
|
puremillamme
|
| ablative
|
puremaltamme
|
puremiltamme
|
| allative
|
puremallemme
|
puremillemme
|
| essive
|
puremanamme
|
pureminamme
|
| translative
|
puremaksemme
|
puremiksemme
|
| abessive
|
puremattamme
|
puremittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
pureminemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremanne
|
puremanne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremanne
|
puremanne
|
| gen.
|
puremanne
|
| genitive
|
puremanne
|
puremienne
puremainne rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaanne
|
puremianne
|
| inessive
|
puremassanne
|
puremissanne
|
| elative
|
puremastanne
|
puremistanne
|
| illative
|
puremaanne
|
puremiinne
|
| adessive
|
puremallanne
|
puremillanne
|
| ablative
|
puremaltanne
|
puremiltanne
|
| allative
|
puremallenne
|
puremillenne
|
| essive
|
puremananne
|
pureminanne
|
| translative
|
puremaksenne
|
puremiksenne
|
| abessive
|
puremattanne
|
puremittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
pureminenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremansa
|
puremansa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremansa
|
puremansa
|
| gen.
|
puremansa
|
| genitive
|
puremansa
|
puremiensa
puremainsa rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaansa
|
puremiaan
puremiansa
|
| inessive
|
puremassaan
puremassansa
|
puremissaan
puremissansa
|
| elative
|
puremastaan
puremastansa
|
puremistaan
puremistansa
|
| illative
|
puremaansa
|
puremiinsa
|
| adessive
|
puremallaan
puremallansa
|
puremillaan
puremillansa
|
| ablative
|
puremaltaan
puremaltansa
|
puremiltaan
puremiltansa
|
| allative
|
puremalleen
puremallensa
|
puremilleen
puremillensa
|
| essive
|
puremanaan
puremanansa
|
pureminaan
pureminansa
|
| translative
|
puremakseen
puremaksensa
|
puremikseen
puremiksensa
|
| abessive
|
puremattaan
puremattansa
|
puremittaan
puremittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
puremineen
pureminensa
|
|
Derived terms
Further reading
Etymology 2
Participle
purema
- agent participle of purra
Declension
| Inflection of purema (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
|
| nominative
|
purema
|
puremat
|
| genitive
|
pureman
|
puremien
|
| partitive
|
puremaa
|
puremia
|
| illative
|
puremaan
|
puremiin
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
purema
|
puremat
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
purema
|
puremat
|
| gen.
|
pureman
|
| genitive
|
pureman
|
puremien
puremain rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaa
|
puremia
|
| inessive
|
puremassa
|
puremissa
|
| elative
|
puremasta
|
puremista
|
| illative
|
puremaan
|
puremiin
|
| adessive
|
puremalla
|
puremilla
|
| ablative
|
puremalta
|
puremilta
|
| allative
|
puremalle
|
puremille
|
| essive
|
puremana
|
puremina
|
| translative
|
puremaksi
|
puremiksi
|
| abessive
|
purematta
|
puremitta
|
| instructive
|
—
|
puremin
|
| comitative
|
— |
puremine
|
|
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremani
|
puremani
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremani
|
puremani
|
| gen.
|
puremani
|
| genitive
|
puremani
|
puremieni
puremaini rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaani
|
puremiani
|
| inessive
|
puremassani
|
puremissani
|
| elative
|
puremastani
|
puremistani
|
| illative
|
puremaani
|
puremiini
|
| adessive
|
puremallani
|
puremillani
|
| ablative
|
puremaltani
|
puremiltani
|
| allative
|
puremalleni
|
puremilleni
|
| essive
|
puremanani
|
pureminani
|
| translative
|
puremakseni
|
puremikseni
|
| abessive
|
puremattani
|
puremittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
puremineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremasi
|
puremasi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremasi
|
puremasi
|
| gen.
|
puremasi
|
| genitive
|
puremasi
|
puremiesi
puremaisi rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaasi
|
puremiasi
|
| inessive
|
puremassasi
|
puremissasi
|
| elative
|
puremastasi
|
puremistasi
|
| illative
|
puremaasi
|
puremiisi
|
| adessive
|
puremallasi
|
puremillasi
|
| ablative
|
puremaltasi
|
puremiltasi
|
| allative
|
puremallesi
|
puremillesi
|
| essive
|
puremanasi
|
pureminasi
|
| translative
|
puremaksesi
|
puremiksesi
|
| abessive
|
puremattasi
|
puremittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
pureminesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremamme
|
puremamme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremamme
|
puremamme
|
| gen.
|
puremamme
|
| genitive
|
puremamme
|
puremiemme
puremaimme rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaamme
|
puremiamme
|
| inessive
|
puremassamme
|
puremissamme
|
| elative
|
puremastamme
|
puremistamme
|
| illative
|
puremaamme
|
puremiimme
|
| adessive
|
puremallamme
|
puremillamme
|
| ablative
|
puremaltamme
|
puremiltamme
|
| allative
|
puremallemme
|
puremillemme
|
| essive
|
puremanamme
|
pureminamme
|
| translative
|
puremaksemme
|
puremiksemme
|
| abessive
|
puremattamme
|
puremittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
pureminemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremanne
|
puremanne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremanne
|
puremanne
|
| gen.
|
puremanne
|
| genitive
|
puremanne
|
puremienne
puremainne rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaanne
|
puremianne
|
| inessive
|
puremassanne
|
puremissanne
|
| elative
|
puremastanne
|
puremistanne
|
| illative
|
puremaanne
|
puremiinne
|
| adessive
|
puremallanne
|
puremillanne
|
| ablative
|
puremaltanne
|
puremiltanne
|
| allative
|
puremallenne
|
puremillenne
|
| essive
|
puremananne
|
pureminanne
|
| translative
|
puremaksenne
|
puremiksenne
|
| abessive
|
puremattanne
|
puremittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
pureminenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
puremansa
|
puremansa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
puremansa
|
puremansa
|
| gen.
|
puremansa
|
| genitive
|
puremansa
|
puremiensa
puremainsa rare
|
| partitive
|
puremaansa
|
puremiaan
puremiansa
|
| inessive
|
puremassaan
puremassansa
|
puremissaan
puremissansa
|
| elative
|
puremastaan
puremastansa
|
puremistaan
puremistansa
|
| illative
|
puremaansa
|
puremiinsa
|
| adessive
|
puremallaan
puremallansa
|
puremillaan
puremillansa
|
| ablative
|
puremaltaan
puremaltansa
|
puremiltaan
puremiltansa
|
| allative
|
puremalleen
puremallensa
|
puremilleen
puremillensa
|
| essive
|
puremanaan
puremanansa
|
pureminaan
pureminansa
|
| translative
|
puremakseen
puremaksensa
|
puremikseen
puremiksensa
|
| abessive
|
puremattaan
puremattansa
|
puremittaan
puremittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
puremineen
pureminensa
|
|