purkaa
Finnish
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *purkadak, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *purka-. Cognates include Northern Sami borgádit and Erzya порксамс (porksams).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpurkɑːˣ/, [ˈpurkɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -urkɑː
- Syllabification(key): pur‧kaa
- Hyphenation(key): pur‧kaa
Verb
purkaa (transitive)
- to dismantle, dissemble, take apart, disassemble, deconstruct (into pieces; possibly with osiin (“into parts”) for clarity)
- purkaa osiksi ― to disassemble for parts, strip for parts
- to untie (a knot), unwind (a bandage, dressing), untwist (a rope), unwrap (package paper), untwine
- to unravel (a knitwear), unstitch (a stitch), frog (yarn)
- to demolish, wreck, tear/pull/take down (a building)
- to disentangle, undo, clear (up) (a mess)
- to strike (dismantle and take away: a set, wings in theatre)
- to unload, unpack, unlade
- to revoke, rescind, annul
- to discharge, release, vent
- to undo a state in which something is ready to use, make no longer ready
- (figuratively) to take apart, analyze, examine, review, reflect
- (sports) to clear (defend by moving the ball away from the defending goal)
- (computing) to extract (an archive)
- (cryptography) to decrypt, decipher (a secret message)
- Synonym: purkaa salaus
- (programming) to destruct (an object)
Conjugation
| Inflection of purkaa (Kotus type 53*D/muistaa, k-∅ gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | puran | en pura | 1st sing. | olen purkanut | en ole purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | purat | et pura | 2nd sing. | olet purkanut | et ole purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | purkaa | ei pura | 3rd sing. | on purkanut | ei ole purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | puramme | emme pura | 1st plur. | olemme purkaneet | emme ole purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | puratte | ette pura | 2nd plur. | olette purkaneet | ette ole purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | purkavat | eivät pura | 3rd plur. | ovat purkaneet | eivät ole purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | puretaan | ei pureta | passive | on purettu | ei ole purettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | purin | en purkanut | 1st sing. | olin purkanut | en ollut purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | purit | et purkanut | 2nd sing. | olit purkanut | et ollut purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | purki | ei purkanut | 3rd sing. | oli purkanut | ei ollut purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | purimme | emme purkaneet | 1st plur. | olimme purkaneet | emme olleet purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | puritte | ette purkaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte purkaneet | ette olleet purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | purkivat | eivät purkaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat purkaneet | eivät olleet purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | purettiin | ei purettu | passive | oli purettu | ei ollut purettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | purkaisin | en purkaisi | 1st sing. | olisin purkanut | en olisi purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | purkaisit | et purkaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit purkanut | et olisi purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | purkaisi | ei purkaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi purkanut | ei olisi purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | purkaisimme | emme purkaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme purkaneet | emme olisi purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | purkaisitte | ette purkaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte purkaneet | ette olisi purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | purkaisivat | eivät purkaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat purkaneet | eivät olisi purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | purettaisiin | ei purettaisi | passive | olisi purettu | ei olisi purettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | pura | älä pura | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | purkakoon | älköön purkako | 3rd sing. | olkoon purkanut | älköön olko purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | purkakaamme | älkäämme purkako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | purkakaa | älkää purkako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | purkakoot | älkööt purkako | 3rd plur. | olkoot purkaneet | älkööt olko purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | purettakoon | älköön purettako | passive | olkoon purettu | älköön olko purettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | purkanen | en purkane | 1st sing. | lienen purkanut | en liene purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | purkanet | et purkane | 2nd sing. | lienet purkanut | et liene purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | purkanee | ei purkane | 3rd sing. | lienee purkanut | ei liene purkanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | purkanemme | emme purkane | 1st plur. | lienemme purkaneet | emme liene purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | purkanette | ette purkane | 2nd plur. | lienette purkaneet | ette liene purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | purkanevat | eivät purkane | 3rd plur. | lienevät purkaneet | eivät liene purkaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | purettaneen | ei purettane | passive | lienee purettu | ei liene purettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | purkaa | present | purkava | purettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | purkanut | purettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | purkaessa | purettaessa | agent4 | purkama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | purkamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | purkaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | purkamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | purkamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | purkamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | purkamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | purkamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | purkaman | purettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | purkaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “purkaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpurkɑː/, [ˈpurkɑ̝ː]
- Rhymes: -urkɑː
- Syllabification(key): pur‧kaa
- Hyphenation(key): pur‧kaa
Verb
purkaa
- second-person plural present imperative of purra