raffiner
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁa.fi.ne/
Audio: (file)
Verb
raffiner
Conjugation
Conjugation of raffiner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | raffiner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | raffinant /ʁa.fi.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | raffiné /ʁa.fi.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | raffine /ʁa.fin/ |
raffines /ʁa.fin/ |
raffine /ʁa.fin/ |
raffinons /ʁa.fi.nɔ̃/ |
raffinez /ʁa.fi.ne/ |
raffinent /ʁa.fin/ |
| imperfect | raffinais /ʁa.fi.nɛ/ |
raffinais /ʁa.fi.nɛ/ |
raffinait /ʁa.fi.nɛ/ |
raffinions /ʁa.fi.njɔ̃/ |
raffiniez /ʁa.fi.nje/ |
raffinaient /ʁa.fi.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | raffinai /ʁa.fi.ne/ |
raffinas /ʁa.fi.na/ |
raffina /ʁa.fi.na/ |
raffinâmes /ʁa.fi.nam/ |
raffinâtes /ʁa.fi.nat/ |
raffinèrent /ʁa.fi.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | raffinerai /ʁa.fin.ʁe/ |
raffineras /ʁa.fin.ʁa/ |
raffinera /ʁa.fin.ʁa/ |
raffinerons /ʁa.fin.ʁɔ̃/ |
raffinerez /ʁa.fin.ʁe/ |
raffineront /ʁa.fin.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | raffinerais /ʁa.fin.ʁɛ/ |
raffinerais /ʁa.fin.ʁɛ/ |
raffinerait /ʁa.fin.ʁɛ/ |
raffinerions /ʁa.fi.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
raffineriez /ʁa.fi.nə.ʁje/ |
raffineraient /ʁa.fin.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | raffine /ʁa.fin/ |
raffines /ʁa.fin/ |
raffine /ʁa.fin/ |
raffinions /ʁa.fi.njɔ̃/ |
raffiniez /ʁa.fi.nje/ |
raffinent /ʁa.fin/ |
| imperfect2 | raffinasse /ʁa.fi.nas/ |
raffinasses /ʁa.fi.nas/ |
raffinât /ʁa.fi.na/ |
raffinassions /ʁa.fi.na.sjɔ̃/ |
raffinassiez /ʁa.fi.na.sje/ |
raffinassent /ʁa.fi.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | raffine /ʁa.fin/ |
— | raffinons /ʁa.fi.nɔ̃/ |
raffinez /ʁa.fi.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “raffiner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norwegian Bokmål
Verb
raffiner
- imperative of raffinere