sembahyang

Indonesian

Alternative forms

  • sembayang

Etymology

inherited from Malay sembahyang. By surface analysis, sembah +‎ hyang.

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /səmˈbahjaŋ/ [səmˈbah.jaŋ]
  • Rhymes: -ahjaŋ
  • Syllabification: sem‧bah‧yang

Noun

sêmbahyang (uncountable)

  1. prayer
    Synonyms: doa, (Islam) salat
  2. worship
    Synonym: (Islam) salat

Verb

sêmbahyang

  1. (intransitive) to pray, worship
    Synonym: bersembahyang

Derived terms

  • bersembahyang
  • menyembahyangi
  • menyembahyangkan
  • persembahyangan
  • sembahyangan
  • sembahyang Asar
  • sembahyang Isya
  • sembahyang jenazah
  • sembahyang kubur
  • sembahyang leluhur
  • sembahyang malam
  • sembahyang mayat
  • sembahyang pagi
  • sembahyang siang
  • sembahyang sore
  • sembahyang Subuh
  • sembahyang Tarawih
  • sembahyang wajib
  • sembahyang Zuhur
  • upacara sembahyang

Further reading

Malay

Etymology

Compound of sembah (“worship”) +‎ yang (“deity”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /səmbahjaŋ/
    • Rhymes: -ahjaŋ, -aŋ
  • (Common alternative pronunciation) IPA(key): /səmajaŋ/
    • Rhymes: -ajaŋ, -aŋ

Noun

sembahyang (Jawi spelling سمبهيڠ, plural sembahyang-sembahyang)

  1. A major prayer:
    1. (Islam) The type of prayer performed by Muslims; salat.
      Synonym: solat
      Sembahyang merupakan salah satu tiang agama Islam.
      Salat is one of the pillars of Islam.
    2. (Hinduism) puja, ritual of worship
      Kalungan bunga barang sembahyang sering dijual di kedai yang tidak jauh dari kuil.
      Flower garlands as offerings are often sold in shops not far from temples.
    3. (of Chinese folk religion) veneration or worship ritual towards an ancestors or deity in shrines and temples (堂 táng)
    4. Any request to God or a deity.
      Synonym: doa
      Aku harapkan sembahyang aku diterima Tuhan.
      I hope my prayer is accepted by God.

Affixations

  • bersembahyang (“to pray”)
  • sembahyangkan (“to perform a prayer for”)

Compounds

  • air sembahyang (“wudu”)
  • barang sembahyang (“offering in puja, animistic rituals etc”)
  • sembahyang berjemaah
  • sembahyang fardu
  • sembahyang hajat
  • sembahyang Jumaat (“Friday prayer”)
  • sembahyang lima waktu
  • sembahyang mayat
  • sembahyang raya
  • sembahyang sunat
  • sembahyang tahajud
  • sembahyang tarawih
  • tikar sembahyang (“prayer mat”)

Descendants

  • Indonesian: sembahyang
  • → Javanese: sembahyang
  • → Madurese: sembhâjâng, bhâjâng
  • North Moluccan Malay: sambayang
    • → Galela: subayang
    • Manado Malay: sombayang
    • → Sahu: sambayanga (Tala'i)
    • → Waioli: sambayanga
  • → Portuguese: zumbaia
  • →? Ternate: sabea
  • →? Tidore: sabea

Verb

sembahyang (Jawi spelling سمبهيڠ, formal form bersembahyang)

  1. informal form of bersembahyang (“to pray”)

Further reading

  • “sembahyang” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
  • Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qiang”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
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