sudah

• suda, sudè (dialectal)
• udah (clipping)

From Classical Malay sudah, borrowed from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha). Compare Musi sudém, Central Malay sudim, udim, all primarily used to mean "done, finished" (not as markers of perfective aspect).

• IPA^(key): /sudah/
• Rhymes: -ah
• Hyphenation: su‧dah

sudah

1. (chiefly Bekasi) to be done; to be finished

   Synonyms: abis, bèrès, kelar, klop, kubra, rampung, selesé, siap, udahan

sudah

1. (archaic) alternative form of udah (“perfective aspect”)

sudah

1. (archaic) alternative form of udah (“alright; enough!”)

• Chaer, A. (2009) [1976] “sudè”, in Kamus dialek Jakarta [Dictionary of the Jakarta dialect], revised edition (in Indonesian), Depok: Masup Jakarta, →ISBN, page 450

• udah (colloquial)
• dah (colloquial)

From Malay sudah, borrowed from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha). Doublet of deh.

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈsudah/ [ˈsu.dah]
• Rhymes: -udah
• Syllabification: su‧dah

sudah

1. perfective aspect, indicating that the process has been accomplished.

   Sudah berapa lama kamu belajar bahasa indonesia?

   How long have you been learning Indonesian?

Sudah is often translated as already in Indonesian and Malay language textbooks to convey its meaning in the languages which express perfective aspect through inflection.

• belum
• telah
• telanjur

• “sudah” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

• da, dah (apheresis, colloquial)

Borrowed from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha).

• IPA^(key): /ˈsudah/ [ˈsu.dah]
• Rhymes: -udah, -dah, -ah
• Hyphenation: su‧dah

sudah (Jawi spelling سوده)

1. done, finished, completed
2. enough, sufficient

sudah (Jawi spelling سوده)

1. perfective aspect marker, indicating that the process has been accomplished

   Synonym: telah

   Saya sudah makan.

   I have already eaten.

   Adam sudah ke sekolahkah?

   Has Adam gone to school already?

sudah (Jawi spelling سوده)

1. expresses one doesn't want something to continue; "that's enough!"

   Sudah, pergi ke bilik sekarang!

   That's enough, go to your room now!

sudah (Jawi spelling سوده)

1. (intransitive) to end, to finish

   Synonyms: tamat, selesai, habis

• When used as an adverb, sudah is often translated as already in Indonesian and Malay language textbooks to convey its meaning in the languages which express perfective aspect through inflection.
• The word is often shortened to dah in casual speech.

• > Indonesian: sudah (inherited)
• ⇒ North Moluccan Malay: so

• “sudah” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.